Arthur Ballard: A Pioneer of Landscape Abstraction James Graham Ballard (15 November 1930 – 19 April 2009) was an English novelist and short-story writer, satirist and essayist whose work explored the intersection of psychology, technology, sex, and mass media. Born in Liverpool, Ballard’s formative years were marked by a fascination with science fiction and a rebellious spirit that would define his artistic trajectory. He initially g…