Reference list · Surrealist
List of 86 Famous Surrealist Artists (Ranked)
프리다 칼로 (1907–1954) is the most famous Surrealist artist in this list; notable works include 프리다 칼로 - 두 프리다 and 헨리 포드 병원. Ranks 2 to 5: 살바도르 달리, 호안 미로, 르네 마그리트 and 막스 에른스트. The list records 86 artists born between 1880 (Pierre Roy) and 1957 (조지 콘도) in 42 countries.
Method. Scope: artists whose works the encyclopedia records under Surrealist. Ranking: the encyclopedia's fame ranking of artists. Artists born after 1955 without a Wikidata identifier are excluded pending verification. Wikipedia: number of the encyclopedia's 32 languages with an article on the artist.
Summary
Surrealist: summary
- 86Artists
- 1880–1957Years of birth
- 42Countries of birth
- 20Women
- 11Living artists
- 8,974Works in our catalogue
- Museums holding the most key works
- 이스라엘 박물관 (7), 뉴욕 현대 미술관 (6), 메트로폴리탄 미술관 (3), 워커 아트 갤러리 (3)
- The women of this list
- 프리다 칼로, 레메디오스 바로, 리어노라 캐링턴, 도러시아 태닝, 레오노르 피니, 메레트 오펜하임, Dora Maar, 엘사 스키아파렐리, Claude Cahun, Eileen Agar
Entries
Ranked entries: 86 Surrealist Artists
Notable works · 100 notable works
The Persistence of Memory
수리공 (초입방체)'
살바도르 달리 초현실주의의 정수를 담은 "대규모 자위행위"는 욕망, 불안, 인간 정신의 숨겨진 풍경을 탐구하는 달리의 독특한 시각을 보여줍니다. 1929년 제작된 이 그림은 단순한 제목을 넘어 내면의 혼란과 프레이드의 영향을 드러냅니다. 거대한 생체형 머리는 달리 가족의 집 근처 해안선의 모습을 연상시키며, 누워있는 여성 인물(가라)은 도발적인 포즈를 취합니다. 개미, 귀상추 등 기괴한 요소들은 불안감을 증폭시키고, 찢어진 무릎은 상처와 취약함을 암시합- 1,784All 1,784 recorded works of 살바도르 달리
Notable works · 100 notable works
Notable works · 100 notable works
Notable works · 100 notable works
Notable works · 100 notable works
Notable works · 100 notable works
13of 86
이브 탕기 1900–1955
프랑스계 미국인 Born: 파리 8구 초현실주의 Wikipedia: 26/32 languages
“북쪽을 향해 천천히(Slowly Toward The North)” (1942)와 같은 작품은 황량하면서도 묘하게 매혹적인 세계로 관람객을 끌어들이며 이러한 잊히지 않는 분위기를 잘 보여줍니다. 그의 회화는 서사를 전달하기보다 하나의 분위기, 즉 의미의 진술이라기보다는 감정의 환기 그 자체입니다.
16of 86
앙드레 마송 1896–1987
Born: 발라니쉬르테랭 Wikipedia: 21/32 languages
Beyond, Landscape with Rocks, The metamorphosis of the lovers, Pygmalion 과 같은 대표작들은 마송의 예술적 깊이와 독창성을 보여주는 증거입니다.
20of 86
로베르토 마타 1911–2002
Chilean Born: 산티아고 ['Surrealism', 'Abstract Expressionism'] Wikipedia: 15/32 languages
21of 86
펠릭스 누스바움 1904–1944
독일계 유대인 Born: 오스나브뤼크 초현실주의, 신즉물주의 Wikipedia: 17/32 languages
Eyewitness 와 같은 다큐멘터리에 그의 이야기가 담긴 것은 역사의 가장 어두운 장을 목격한 예술가로서 그의 위치를 더욱 공고히 합니다.
25of 86
Dora Maar 1907–1997
French Born: 6th arrondissement of Paris Surrealist Photography Wikipedia: 22/32 languages
Dora Maar (Henriette Theodora Markovitch, 1907-1997) remains a captivating figure in the annals of 20th-century art – a photographer, painter, and intellectual whose life was inextricably intertwined with the turbulent currents of Surrealism, political activism, and the passionate intensity of her relationship with Pablo Picasso. Following her introduction to Pablo Picasso in 1935, she became deeply involved in leftist groups like “masses” and the Union of Intellectuals against Fascism, reflecting a commitment to social justice that permeated much of her work.
29of 86
줄리앙 레비 1906–1981
미국인 Born: 뉴욕시 초현실주의, 아방가르드
줄리앙 레비 작가 페이지. 프리다 카흘로 (두 장의 접촉 인화지). 위키피디아: 줄리앙 레비.
32of 86
Maurice Tabard 1897–1984
French Born: Lyon Surrealism
A pivotal moment arrived in 1914 when his father’s business necessitated a relocation to New York City, an event that irrevocably altered Tabard’s artistic trajectory. In 1951 Francis Quirk curated an exhibit of his work at Lehigh University along with photographs by Ansel Adams, demonstrating a recognition of Tabard's place within a broader artistic context.
33of 86
George Wallace Jardine 1920–2002
British Surrealism
Born in Glasgow, Jardine’s artistic journey began with formative years spent studying at Wallasey School of Art and furthering his education at the Royal College of Art under luminaries like Paul Nash and Stanley Spencer. A notable highlight of his graphic work includes the Levitation Act series, which captures ethereal forms suspended against stark backgrounds—a testament to his lifelong fascination with illusion and the boundary between the physical and the spectral.
35of 86
Claude Cahun 1894–1954
French Born: Nantes Surrealism
As Cahun herself stated, “The abstraction, the dream, are as limited for me as the concrete and the real.” This approach mirrored the broader surrealist preoccupation with accessing subconscious realms and challenging rational thought. During World War II, Cahun actively participated in the French Resistance movement, utilizing her artistic skills to disseminate propaganda and support underground networks.
Notable works · 100 notable works
38of 86
Frederick Sommer 1905–1999
American Photography, Surrealism
Inspired by the monumental landscapes of Ansel Adams—particularly Yosemite Valley’s El Capitan and Half Dome—Sommer embarked on a quest to capture the grandeur and subtle complexities of the American desert.
39of 86
Saul Steinberg 1914–1999
Romanian-American Born: Râmnicu Sărat Modernist Cartooning Wikipedia: 17/32 languages
However, the rising tide of antisemitic legislation in Europe forced him into a life of transit, leading him through the Dominican Republic before he finally reached New York City in 1942. He was a fixture in the prestigious galleries of New York, exhibiting alongside giants like Arshile Gorky and Robert Motherwell, yet he remained a beloved figure in the pages of mass-circulation periodicals.
42of 86
한스 벨머 1902–1975
German Born: 카토비체 Surrealism, Photography Wikipedia: 15/32 languages
While primarily known for his dolls, Bellmer’s photographic work is equally significant. These images, published in his privately printed book Die Puppe (The Doll), were initially met with obscurity within Germany due to the artist’s deliberate isolation and the political climate.
45of 86
Angus Rowland Mcbean 1904–1990
Born: Monmouth, New Jersey
McBean’s initial artistic pursuits lay in the realm of theatrical design. McBean transitioned into full-time theatre photography, quickly establishing himself as a skilled chronicler of the British stage.
46of 86
Wolfgang Paalen 1905–1959
Austrian-Mexican Born: Vienna Surrealism, Abstract Expressionism Wikipedia: 9/32 languages
His father, Gustav Robert Paalen, was a successful inventor – the mind behind innovations like the vacuum cleaner and Thermos bottle – whose own background blended Polish-Ashkenazi and Spanish-Sephardic heritage. Wolfgang Paalen died in Taxco, Mexico, in 1959, leaving behind a body of work that continues to challenge and inspire.
47of 86
Clarence John Laughlin 1905–1985
American Surrealist photography
His work also benefited from the influence of Edward Steichen, whose time at Vogue magazine provided Laughlin with valuable exposure and experience.
49of 86
Manuel Álvarez Bravo 1902–2002
Mexican Surrealist photography; Mexican muralism
While he took art classes at the Academia Nacional de Bellas Artes, much of his photography was self-taught, driven by an internal compulsion to document the shifting Mexican identity. Throughout his career, which spanned from the late 1920s to the 1990s, he achieved numerous accolades, particularly after 1970, and his contributions were recognized by the inclusion of his work on UNESCO's Memory of the World International Register in 2017.
50of 86
Sergei Parajanov 1924–1990
Armenian, Ukrainian Born: Tbilisi Surrealism, Folklore
Parajanov’s legacy endures not only through his iconic films but also through the unique aesthetic he forged – one deeply rooted in Armenian folklore, religious symbolism, and a deliberate rejection of the prevailing socialist realism that dominated Soviet art. He is considered one of the 20 greatest film directors of all time, an honor bestowed upon him by the Rotterdam International Film Festival.
51of 86
Eileen Agar 1899–1991
Argentine-British Born: 부에노스아이레스 Surrealism Wikipedia: 9/32 languages
Agar’s formal training began at Heathfield St Mary's School, followed by studies at the Byam Shaw School of Art in 1919 and later, the prestigious Slade School of Fine Art from 1925 to 1926. Following World War II, Agar experienced a renewed period of artistic productivity, marked by numerous solo exhibitions beginning in 1946.
Notable works · 100 notable works
53of 86
마리우 세자리니 드 바스콘셀루스 1923–2006
포르투갈 Born: 리스본 초현실주의, 시
National Theatre and Dance Museum. 포르투갈 리스본, 국립 극장 및 무용 박물관 (National Theatre and Dance Museum). 포르투갈 포르토, 북부 현대 미술 네트워크 (Rede Portuguesa de Arte Contemporânea a Norte).
54of 86
Piroska Szanto 1913–1998
Hungarian Born: Kiskunfélegyháza Surrealism
This artist colony, brimming with innovative minds like Endre Bálint, Dezső Korniss, and Lajos Vajda, became a crucible for her developing style.
55of 86
Artur Cruzeiro Seixas 1920–2020
Born: Amadora 1920s Art Deco
Upon returning to Portugal in 1964, Seixas continued to push the boundaries of artistic expression. Seixas’s artistic journey began in the fertile intellectual environment of António Arroio School, where he forged lasting friendships with key figures who would shape Portugal's cultural landscape: Mário Cesariny, Marcelino Vespeira, Júlio Pomar, and Fernando Azevedo.
57of 86
Marcelo Grassmann 1925–2013
Brazilian Born: Sao Joao do Rio Preto Engraving and draughtsmanship
Initially pursued sculpture before discovering his passion for engraving in the 1940s. Unique Contribution to Brazilian Art: Grassmann made a significant contribution to Brazilian art through his innovative approach to engraving and draughtsmanship.
59of 86
Kay Sage 1898–1963
American Born: Watervliet Surrealism Wikipedia: 11/32 languages
For a decade following her marriage to Italian Prince Ranieri di San Faustino in 1925, Sage largely abandoned painting, embracing the social obligations inherent in aristocratic life. Despite facing challenges as a woman artist in a male-dominated field, Sage exhibited her work at prominent galleries such as Pierre Matisse Gallery and Catherine Viviano Gallery in New York City, and participated in group exhibitions including the Salon des Surindépendants in Paris.
61of 86
Richard Oelze 1900–1980
German Born: Magdeburg Surrealism Wikipedia: 7/32 languages
As a painter, draftsperson, and graphic artist, Oelze was regarded as a significant figure in surrealism.
63of 86
Pierre Roy 1880–1950
French Born: Nantes Surrealist Wikipedia: 7/32 languages
In 1905, he committed himself to painting, beginning his exhibition history in 1906 at the Salon of the Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts (SNBA).
64of 86
Ithell Colquhoun 1906–1988
British Born: Shillong Surrealism, Occult art Wikipedia: 6/32 languages
She eventually settled permanently in Cornwall in 1957, where she lived until her death on April 11, 1988.
66of 86
마르기트 안나 1913–1991
Hungarian Born: Borota Expressionism, Surrealism Wikipedia: 8/32 languages
67of 86
Jacqueline Lamba 1910–1993
French Born: Saint-Mandé Surrealism Wikipedia: 6/32 languages
It was within the electric, avant-garde atmosphere of Paris that Lamba’s destiny intertwined with the movement's most iconic figure, André Breton.
68of 86
Vlady 1920–2005
Modern Art
Vlady’s artistic development has been marked by a consistent dedication to traditional oil painting techniques. The Power of Light: Vlady’s meticulous attention to light is central to his artistic vision.
69of 86
Caleb Lewis
Australian
Lewis’s visual language is defined by a meticulous, almost rhythmic precision.
70of 86
Raquel Forner 1902–1988
Argentine Born: Buenos Aires Expressionism, Surrealism Wikipedia: 5/32 languages
Moving to Paris in the late 1920s, she became a vital participant in the "Paris Group," a collective of Argentine artists who sought to bridge the gap between South American sensibilities and European innovation. Her legacy is characterized by several key artistic pillars: Technical Mastery: The use of heavy impasto and rich, emotive color palettes that give her subjects a sculptural, palpable presence.
74of 86
Jeffrey Smart 1921–2013
Australian Born: Adelaide Precisionism Wikipedia: 5/32 languages
Frank Jeffrey Edson Smart, known universally as Jeffrey Smart, emerged onto the Australian art scene from a childhood steeped in both encouragement and constraint. A subsequent period on the island of Ischia in 1950, shared with fellow Australian painters Donald Friend, Michael Shannon, and Jacqueline Hick, further solidified his artistic direction.
75of 86
Conroy Maddox 1912–2005
English Born: Ledbury Surrealism Wikipedia: 4/32 languages
The influence of psychoanalysis, particularly the theories of Sigmund Freud, is evident in his exploration of hidden desires and repressed emotions. Conroy Maddox died in London in 2005 at the age of 92, leaving behind a remarkable body of work that continues to captivate and inspire.
76of 86
트리스트람 폴 힐리어 1905–1983
English Born: 베이징시 Surrealist Wikipedia: 2/32 languages
His dedication to his craft earned him significant professional accolades, including being elected an Associate of the Royal Academy in 1957 and later becoming a Royal Academician.
78of 86
Jorge Castillo born 1933
Spanish Born: Pontevedra Abstract Expressionist Wikipedia: 5/32 languages
Returning to Spain in 1955, he settled in Barcelona, a city that would become inextricably linked to his artistic identity. Castillo's artistic trajectory began with a formal education in drawing at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris, a crucial period that exposed him to the revolutionary currents of Surrealism.
79of 86
Ivan Eyre 1935–2022
Canadian Born: Saskatchewan Abstract Figurative, Prairie Landscape Wikipedia: 3/32 languages
Born in the small Saskatchewan community of Tulymétik in 1935, Eyre’s artistic journey wasn't simply about depicting what he saw, but about translating a deeply felt connection to place into a visual language that explored existential themes and the complexities of human experience. Notably, nine of his sculptures are prominently displayed in the McMichael Sculpture Garden in Kleinburg, Ontario, and others grace Assiniboine Park in Winnipeg, enriching public spaces with his distinctive aesthetic.
80of 86
세리 리처즈 1903–1971
웨일스인 Born: 던바트 초현실주의, 표현주의 Wikipedia: 2/32 languages
“피아노 치는 소녀”(1949) 는 그의 입체주의적 성향을 잘 보여주는 작품으로, 각진 형태와 인상적인 색채가 파편화되면서도 조화로운 구성을 이룹니다. “두 명의 음악가”(1954) 는 연주 현장의 에너지가 폭발하는 듯하며, 오렌지빛 색조와 역동적인 붓터치는 음악성의 본질을 포착해냅니다.
81of 86
Eldzier Cortor 1916–2015
American Born: Richmond Surrealism, Realism Wikipedia: 3/32 languages
His involvement with the Works Progress Administration (WPA) provided him with invaluable experience documenting scenes of Bronzeville, a vibrant Black neighborhood in Chicago during the Depression era.
82of 86
Linder Sterling born 1954
British Wikipedia: 4/32 languages
Her work has been featured in group exhibitions at the Tate Modern, the Australian Centre for Contemporary Art, and the Museum of Contemporary Art Chicago. In 2017, she was honored with the Paul Hamlyn Foundation Award. Her performance art has included works such as The Ultimate Form, a collaboration with choreographer Kenneth Tindall, and Children of the Stain.
83of 86
Juan Barjola 1919–2004
Spanish Born: Torre de Miguel Sesmero New Figuration Wikipedia: 3/32 languages
The shadow of Pablo Picasso loomed large over Spanish art during Barjola’s formative years, but rather than imitation, Picasso's example spurred him toward originality. The Spanish Civil War cast a long pall over his generation, and while Barjola’s work wasn't overtly political in the propagandistic sense, it resonated with a profound sense of displacement and loss.
Notable works · 100 notable works
84of 86
Emilio Tadini 1927–2002
Spanish Born: Milan Catalan Modernisme Wikipedia: 1/32 languages
Emilio Tadini was far more than a painter; he was a profound architect of meaning within the Italian cultural landscape. Born in Milan in 1927, his journey began not with a brush, but with the written word. A poet, novelist, and essayist, Tadini first emerged onto the prestigious literary stage in 1947 through Elio Vittorini's magazine, Politecnico.
85of 86
레안드르 크리스톨 이 페랄바 1908–1998
Catalan Born: 올레사 데 발라게르 Surrealism, Non-figurative Wikipedia: 1/32 languages
(Note: The source text provided for translation contains an H1 tag at the beginning which was not requested to be translated but is part of the structure.
86of 86
Ellen Lanyon 1926–2013
Born: Chicago World Goes Pop Wikipedia: 1/32 languages
Lanyon’s early work focused on intimate portraits of relatives and the spaces they inhabited – quiet studies imbued with a sense of psychological depth. In the 1970s, Lanyon’s move to New York brought her into contact with the feminist art collective Heresies, further broadening her intellectual and artistic horizons.
Notable works
Notable Surrealist works
Chronology
Chronology of notable works
- 1914
- 1924
- 1932
- 1936
- 1936
- 1936
- 1938
- 1940
- 1945
- 1947
- 1955
- 1958
- 1962
- 1980
Statistics
Statistics
Index
List of 86 Surrealist artists
- 1
프리다 칼로멕시코 · 1907–1954 - 2
살바도르 달리스페인 · 1904–1989 - 3
호안 미로스페인 · 1893–1983 - 4
르네 마그리트벨기에 · 1898–1967 - 5
막스 에른스트독일 · 1891–1976 - 6
조르조 데 키리코이탈리아 · 1888–1978 - 7
H.R. 기거스위스 · 1940–2014 - 8
즈지스와프 벡신스키폴란드 · 1929–2005 - 9
맨 레이미국인 · 1890–1976 - 10
알베르토 자코메티스위스 · 1901–1966 - 11
레메디오스 바로스페인-멕시코 · 1908–1963 - 12
리어노라 캐링턴영국-멕시코 · 1917–2011 - 13
이브 탕기프랑스계 미국인 · 1900–1955 - 14
도러시아 태닝미국인 · 1910–2012 - 15
레오노르 피니아르헨티나-이탈리아 · 1907–1996 - 16
앙드레 마송1896–1987 - 17
메레트 오펜하임스위스-독일 · 1913–1985 - 18
윌프레도 람쿠바인 · 1902–1982 - 19
빅토르 브라우너루마니아-프랑스 · 1903–1966 - 20
로베르토 마타Chilean · 1911–2002 - 21
펠릭스 누스바움독일계 유대인 · 1904–1944 - 22
조셉 코넬미국인 · 1903–1972 - 23
에른스트 푸흐오스트리아 · 1930–2015 - 24
폴 델보벨기에 · 1897–1994 - 25
Dora MaarFrench · 1907–1997 - 26
엘사 스키아파렐리이탈리아 · 1890–1973 - 27
폴 내쉬영국 · 1889–1946 - 28
루이스 로요스페인 · born 1954 - 29
줄리앙 레비미국인 · 1906–1981 - 30
짐 워렌미국인 · born 1949 - 31
마이클 파크스미국인 · born 1944 - 32
Maurice TabardFrench · 1897–1984 - 33
George Wallace JardineBritish · 1920–2002 - 34
그레이엄 서덜랜드영국 · 1903–1980 - 35
Claude CahunFrench · 1894–1954 - 36
올렉산드르 악시닌1949–1985 - 37
옥타비오 오캄포멕시코인 · born 1943 - 38
Frederick SommerAmerican · 1905–1999 - 39
Saul SteinbergRomanian-American · 1914–1999 - 40
루이지 세라피니이탈리아 · born 1949 - 41
오스카 도밍게스1906–1957 - 42
한스 벨머German · 1902–1975 - 43
마이클 소와독일 · born 1945 - 44
야첵 예르카born 1952 - 45
Angus Rowland Mcbean1904–1990 - 46
Wolfgang PaalenAustrian-Mexican · 1905–1959 - 47
Clarence John LaughlinAmerican · 1905–1985 - 48
빌헬름 프레디덴마크 · 1909–1995 - 49
Manuel Álvarez BravoMexican · 1902–2002 - 50
Sergei ParajanovArmenian, Ukrainian · 1924–1990 - 51
Eileen AgarArgentine-British · 1899–1991 - 52
조지 콘도미국인 · born 1957 - 53
마리우 세자리니 드 바스콘셀루스포르투갈 · 1923–2006 - 54
Piroska SzantoHungarian · 1913–1998 - 55
Artur Cruzeiro Seixas1920–2020 - 56
파벨 체릴리체프러시아 태생 · 1898–1957 - 57
Marcelo GrassmannBrazilian · 1925–2013 - 58
마리아 이스키에르도 로드리게스멕시코 · 1902–1955 - 59
Kay SageAmerican · 1898–1963 - 60
술 솔라아르헨티나 · 1887–1963 - 61
Richard OelzeGerman · 1900–1980 - 62
헤다 스턴루마니아계 미국인 · 1910–2011 - 63
Pierre RoyFrench · 1880–1950 - 64
Ithell ColquhounBritish · 1906–1988 - 65
프란시스코 톨레도멕시코 · 1940–2019 - 66
마르기트 안나Hungarian · 1913–1991 - 67
Jacqueline LambaFrench · 1910–1993 - 68
Vlady1920–2005 - 69
Caleb LewisAustralian · - 70
Raquel FornerArgentine · 1902–1988 - 71
루보 크리스텍체코 · born 1943 - 72
제임스 글리슨호주인 · 1915–2008 - 73
줄리안 트레블리언영국 · 1910–1988 - 74
Jeffrey SmartAustralian · 1921–2013 - 75
Conroy MaddoxEnglish · 1912–2005 - 76
트리스트람 폴 힐리어English · 1905–1983 - 77
죄르지 로만헝가리 · 1903–1981 - 78
Jorge CastilloSpanish · born 1933 - 79
Ivan EyreCanadian · 1935–2022 - 80
세리 리처즈웨일스인 · 1903–1971 - 81
Eldzier CortorAmerican · 1916–2015 - 82
Linder SterlingBritish · born 1954 - 83
Juan BarjolaSpanish · 1919–2004 - 84
Emilio TadiniSpanish · 1927–2002 - 85
레안드르 크리스톨 이 페랄바Catalan · 1908–1998 - 86
Ellen Lanyon1926–2013
FAQ
Frequently asked questions
Who is the most famous Surrealist artist?
Which five Surrealist artists should everyone know?
When were most Surrealist artists born?
Most artists in this list were born in the 1900s (29 of 86), between 1880 and 1957 overall.
Who are the great Surrealist artists of 미국?
Which city produced the most Surrealist artists?
부에노스아이레스: 2 of the artists in this list were born there.
Where are the great works of Surrealist art today?
The museums holding the most key works of this list are 이스라엘 박물관 (7), 뉴욕 현대 미술관 (6) and 메트로폴리탄 미술관 (3).
Which country produced the most Surrealist artists?
미국: 7 of the 86 artists in this list were born there, then 스페인 (6) and 영국 (5).
Which women Surrealist artists are the most famous?
Who was the earliest Surrealist artist?
The earliest-born artist in this list is Pierre Roy (#63), born in 1880.
Who are the most famous living Surrealist artists?
Who are the great Surrealist artists of 스페인?
How many works by these artists does the encyclopedia record?
The encyclopedia records 8,974 works by these artists.
Articles
Encyclopedia articles
See also
Artists of other movements
See also
Artists of other periods
See also