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Фрида Кало 1907–1954
Мексиканка Born: Койокатан Сюрреализм, мексиканское народное искусство, реализм Wikipedia: 32/32 languages
Reference list · Surrealist
Фрида Кало (1907–1954) is the most famous Surrealist artist in this list; notable works include Фрида Кало - «Две Фриды» and Больница Генри Форда (Летучая кровать). Ranks 2 to 5: Сальвадор Дали, Жоан Миро, Рене Магритт and Макс Эрнст. The list records 86 artists born between 1880 (Pierre Roy) and 1957 (Джордж Кондо) in 41 countries.
Method. Scope: artists whose works the encyclopedia records under Surrealist. Ranking: the encyclopedia's fame ranking of artists. Artists born after 1955 without a Wikidata identifier are excluded pending verification. Wikipedia: number of the encyclopedia's 32 languages with an article on the artist.
Summary
Entries
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Мексиканка Born: Койокатан Сюрреализм, мексиканское народное искусство, реализм Wikipedia: 32/32 languages
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Испанец Born: Барселона ['Сюрреализм', 'Фовизм', 'Экспрессионизм'] Wikipedia: 32/32 languages
«Женщина и птица» выступает как значимый символ каталонского освобождения, используя мозаику и неровные контуры, чтобы заявить о себе в городской среде. Эта работа преодолевает разрыв между его интимными, сновидческими полотнами и публичным, архитектурным масштабом его позднего видения.
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Германец Born: Брюль ['Дадаизм', 'Сюрреализм'] Wikipedia: 30/32 languages
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Итальянец Born: Волос Метафизическая живопись Wikipedia: 29/32 languages
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Born: Кур Wikipedia: 24/32 languages
Bungle, что значительно способствовало их отличительной эстетике. Книга “Некрономикон”, сборник его самых тревожных изображений, мгновенно стала культовой классикой, укрепив его репутацию мастера темного фэнтези-арта.
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Американский Born: Филадельфия Дада, Сюрреализм
Man Ray's artistic curiosity extended beyond still images into the realm of filmmaking.
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Испано-мексиканка Born: Англес Пара-сюрреализм Wikipedia: 19/32 languages
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Британка-мексиканка Born: Клейтон-ле-Вудс Сюрреализм Wikipedia: 22/32 languages
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Американская Born: Гейлсберг Сюрреализм Wikipedia: 20/32 languages
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Испано-итальянский Born: Буэнос-Айрес Сюрреализм Wikipedia: 16/32 languages
She further expanded her creative horizons through costume and set designs for theatre, ballet, opera, and film productions, including Renato Castellani’s Romeo and Juliet (1954) and John Huston’s A Walk with Love and Death (1968). Notably, Madonna famously drew inspiration from Fini’s imagery for her music video “Bedtime Story” (1994), demonstrating the enduring impact of her artistic vision on popular culture.
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Француз Born: Баланьи-сюр-Терен Сюрреализм, Кубизм Wikipedia: 21/32 languages
Masson продолжал работать до самой смерти 28 октября 1987 года в Париже, оставив после себя богатое наследие, которое продолжает вдохновлять художников во всем мире. Его работы можно увидеть в крупнейших музеях мира, таких как Музей современного искусства в Нью-Йорке и Центр Помпиду в Париже. André Masson – это художник, который навсегда изменил представление о возможностях искусства, доказав, что подсознание человека может стать источником бесконечного вдохновения и творчества.
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Швейцарско-немецкая Born: Берлин Сюрреализм Wikipedia: 18/32 languages
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Кубинский Born: Сагуа-ла-Гранде Сюрреализм и Кубизм Wikipedia: 16/32 languages
Initially pursuing law studies in Havana, Lam quickly recognized his true vocation lay in art, enrolling at Havana’s Escuela de Bellas Artes and later furthering his education at the Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando in Madrid under Fernando Álvarez de Sotomayor y Zaragoza. Particularly captivated by the fantastical worlds depicted in Hieronymus Bosch and Pieter Bruegel the Elder—artists who dared to populate their paintings with unsettling visions—Lam embraced Surrealism’s exploration of the subconscious and automatism.
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румынско-француз Born: Пьятра-Нямц Сюрреализм Wikipedia: 14/32 languages
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Чилиец Born: Сантьяго ['Сюрреализм', 'Абстрактный экспрессионизм'] Wikipedia: 15/32 languages
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Германоеврейский Born: Оснабрюк Новая объективность Wikipedia: 17/32 languages
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Американский Born: Наяк Собранопись, Сюрреализм Wikipedia: 14/32 languages
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Австрийский Born: Вена Фантастический реализм Wikipedia: 16/32 languages
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French Born: 6th arrondissement of Paris Surrealist Photography Wikipedia: 22/32 languages
Dora Maar (Henriette Theodora Markovitch, 1907-1997) remains a captivating figure in the annals of 20th-century art – a photographer, painter, and intellectual whose life was inextricably intertwined with the turbulent currents of Surrealism, political activism, and the passionate intensity of her relationship with Pablo Picasso. Following her introduction to Pablo Picasso in 1935, she became deeply involved in leftist groups like “masses” and the Union of Intellectuals against Fascism, reflecting a commitment to social justice that permeated much of her work.
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Born: Кенсингтон
Ruskin Gallery: Работы Неша были представлены на выставках в Ruskin Gallery в Великобритании. Tate Britain: Его произведения входят в коллекцию Tate Britain. Imperial War Museum: В Имперском военном музее хранятся несколько его военных картин.
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Американский Born: Нью-Йорк Сюрреализм, Авангард
Страница художника Жюльена Леви. Фрида Кало (отпечаток из двух контактов). Википедия: Жюльен Леви.
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French Born: Lyon Surrealism
A pivotal moment arrived in 1914 when his father’s business necessitated a relocation to New York City, an event that irrevocably altered Tabard’s artistic trajectory. In 1951 Francis Quirk curated an exhibit of his work at Lehigh University along with photographs by Ansel Adams, demonstrating a recognition of Tabard's place within a broader artistic context.
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British Surrealism
Born in Glasgow, Jardine’s artistic journey began with formative years spent studying at Wallasey School of Art and furthering his education at the Royal College of Art under luminaries like Paul Nash and Stanley Spencer. A notable highlight of his graphic work includes the Levitation Act series, which captures ethereal forms suspended against stark backgrounds—a testament to his lifelong fascination with illusion and the boundary between the physical and the spectral.
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British Born: Стретем Surrealism Wikipedia: 13/32 languages
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French Born: Nantes Surrealism
As Cahun herself stated, “The abstraction, the dream, are as limited for me as the concrete and the real.” This approach mirrored the broader surrealist preoccupation with accessing subconscious realms and challenging rational thought. During World War II, Cahun actively participated in the French Resistance movement, utilizing her artistic skills to disseminate propaganda and support underground networks.
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American Photography, Surrealism
Inspired by the monumental landscapes of Ansel Adams—particularly Yosemite Valley’s El Capitan and Half Dome—Sommer embarked on a quest to capture the grandeur and subtle complexities of the American desert.
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Romanian-American Born: Râmnicu Sărat Modernist Cartooning Wikipedia: 17/32 languages
However, the rising tide of antisemitic legislation in Europe forced him into a life of transit, leading him through the Dominican Republic before he finally reached New York City in 1942. He was a fixture in the prestigious galleries of New York, exhibiting alongside giants like Arshile Gorky and Robert Motherwell, yet he remained a beloved figure in the pages of mass-circulation periodicals.
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Испанский Born: Сан-Кристобаль-де-ла-Лагуна Сюрреализм Wikipedia: 10/32 languages
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German Born: Катовице Surrealism, Photography Wikipedia: 15/32 languages
While primarily known for his dolls, Bellmer’s photographic work is equally significant. These images, published in his privately printed book Die Puppe (The Doll), were initially met with obscurity within Germany due to the artist’s deliberate isolation and the political climate.
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Born: Monmouth, New Jersey
McBean’s initial artistic pursuits lay in the realm of theatrical design. McBean transitioned into full-time theatre photography, quickly establishing himself as a skilled chronicler of the British stage.
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Austrian-Mexican Born: Vienna Surrealism, Abstract Expressionism Wikipedia: 9/32 languages
His father, Gustav Robert Paalen, was a successful inventor – the mind behind innovations like the vacuum cleaner and Thermos bottle – whose own background blended Polish-Ashkenazi and Spanish-Sephardic heritage. Wolfgang Paalen died in Taxco, Mexico, in 1959, leaving behind a body of work that continues to challenge and inspire.
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American Surrealist photography
His work also benefited from the influence of Edward Steichen, whose time at Vogue magazine provided Laughlin with valuable exposure and experience.
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Датчанин Born: Копенгаген Абстрактное искусство, реалистический сюрреализм Wikipedia: 12/32 languages
The Definite Rejection of a Request for a Kiss (Det definitive afslag på anmodningen om et kys) (1949).
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Mexican Surrealist photography; Mexican muralism
While he took art classes at the Academia Nacional de Bellas Artes, much of his photography was self-taught, driven by an internal compulsion to document the shifting Mexican identity. Throughout his career, which spanned from the late 1920s to the 1990s, he achieved numerous accolades, particularly after 1970, and his contributions were recognized by the inclusion of his work on UNESCO's Memory of the World International Register in 2017.
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Armenian, Ukrainian Born: Tbilisi Surrealism, Folklore
Parajanov’s legacy endures not only through his iconic films but also through the unique aesthetic he forged – one deeply rooted in Armenian folklore, religious symbolism, and a deliberate rejection of the prevailing socialist realism that dominated Soviet art. He is considered one of the 20 greatest film directors of all time, an honor bestowed upon him by the Rotterdam International Film Festival.
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Argentine-British Born: Буэнос-Айрес Surrealism Wikipedia: 9/32 languages
Agar’s formal training began at Heathfield St Mary's School, followed by studies at the Byam Shaw School of Art in 1919 and later, the prestigious Slade School of Fine Art from 1925 to 1926. Following World War II, Agar experienced a renewed period of artistic productivity, marked by numerous solo exhibitions beginning in 1946.
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португалец Born: Lisbon Сюрреализм, поэзия
(Смерть). Без названия (DD2CNP). Национальный театр и музей танца. Музеи и коллекции Национальный театр и музей танца, Лиссабон, Португалия. Португальская сеть современного искусства на севере, Порту, Португалия.
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Hungarian Born: Kiskunfélegyháza Surrealism
This artist colony, brimming with innovative minds like Endre Bálint, Dezső Korniss, and Lajos Vajda, became a crucible for her developing style.
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Born: Amadora 1920s Art Deco
Upon returning to Portugal in 1964, Seixas continued to push the boundaries of artistic expression. Seixas’s artistic journey began in the fertile intellectual environment of António Arroio School, where he forged lasting friendships with key figures who would shape Portugal's cultural landscape: Mário Cesariny, Marcelino Vespeira, Júlio Pomar, and Fernando Azevedo.
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Родился в России Born: Дубровка Сюрреализм, неоромантизм Wikipedia: 7/32 languages
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Brazilian Born: Sao Joao do Rio Preto Engraving and draughtsmanship
Initially pursued sculpture before discovering his passion for engraving in the 1940s. Unique Contribution to Brazilian Art: Grassmann made a significant contribution to Brazilian art through his innovative approach to engraving and draughtsmanship.
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Мексиканка Born: Сан-Хуан-де-лос-Лагос Сюрреализм, народное искусство Wikipedia: 11/32 languages
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American Born: Watervliet Surrealism Wikipedia: 11/32 languages
For a decade following her marriage to Italian Prince Ranieri di San Faustino in 1925, Sage largely abandoned painting, embracing the social obligations inherent in aristocratic life. Despite facing challenges as a woman artist in a male-dominated field, Sage exhibited her work at prominent galleries such as Pierre Matisse Gallery and Catherine Viviano Gallery in New York City, and participated in group exhibitions including the Salon des Surindépendants in Paris.
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Аргентинец Born: Сан-Фернандо Авангард, Сюрреализм Wikipedia: 9/32 languages
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German Born: Magdeburg Surrealism Wikipedia: 7/32 languages
As a painter, draftsperson, and graphic artist, Oelze was regarded as a significant figure in surrealism.
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Румынско-американская Born: Бухарест Абстрактный экспрессионизм и сюрреализм Wikipedia: 8/32 languages
Her formal training began in 1918 under the tutelage of Frederic Storck, a sculptor who had taught her instructor Max Hermann Maxy, setting her on a course that would see her engage with some of the most pivotal artistic currents of the twentieth century. While she achieved recognition during her lifetime, including exhibitions at prominent galleries and museums, Sterne’s work has gained increasing attention in recent years as scholars and curators reassess the contributions of women artists within the Abstract Expressionist movement.
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French Born: Nantes Surrealist Wikipedia: 7/32 languages
In 1905, he committed himself to painting, beginning his exhibition history in 1906 at the Salon of the Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts (SNBA).
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British Born: Shillong Surrealism, Occult art Wikipedia: 6/32 languages
She eventually settled permanently in Cornwall in 1957, where she lived until her death on April 11, 1988.
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Mexicano Born: Мехико Surrealismo, Arte Popular Wikipedia: 10/32 languages
Toledo's artistic style is characterized by a distinctive blend of Surrealism, Folk Art, and Graphic Art. To categorize Francisco Toledo within a single artistic movement proves impossible, and perhaps even undesirable.
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Hungarian Born: Борота Expressionism, Surrealism Wikipedia: 8/32 languages
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French Born: Saint-Mandé Surrealism Wikipedia: 6/32 languages
It was within the electric, avant-garde atmosphere of Paris that Lamba’s destiny intertwined with the movement's most iconic figure, André Breton.
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Modern Art
Vlady’s artistic development has been marked by a consistent dedication to traditional oil painting techniques. The Power of Light: Vlady’s meticulous attention to light is central to his artistic vision.
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Australian
Lewis’s visual language is defined by a meticulous, almost rhythmic precision.
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Argentine Born: Buenos Aires Expressionism, Surrealism Wikipedia: 5/32 languages
Moving to Paris in the late 1920s, she became a vital participant in the "Paris Group," a collective of Argentine artists who sought to bridge the gap between South American sensibilities and European innovation. Her legacy is characterized by several key artistic pillars: Technical Mastery: The use of heavy impasto and rich, emotive color palettes that give her subjects a sculptural, palpable presence.
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Британский Born: Доркинг Сюрреализм, Графика Wikipedia: 3/32 languages
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Australian Born: Adelaide Precisionism Wikipedia: 5/32 languages
Frank Jeffrey Edson Smart, known universally as Jeffrey Smart, emerged onto the Australian art scene from a childhood steeped in both encouragement and constraint. A subsequent period on the island of Ischia in 1950, shared with fellow Australian painters Donald Friend, Michael Shannon, and Jacqueline Hick, further solidified his artistic direction.
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English Born: Ledbury Surrealism Wikipedia: 4/32 languages
The influence of psychoanalysis, particularly the theories of Sigmund Freud, is evident in his exploration of hidden desires and repressed emotions. Conroy Maddox died in London in 2005 at the age of 92, leaving behind a remarkable body of work that continues to captivate and inspire.
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English Born: Пекин Surrealist Wikipedia: 2/32 languages
His dedication to his craft earned him significant professional accolades, including being elected an Associate of the Royal Academy in 1957 and later becoming a Royal Academician.
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Венгр Born: Москва Сюрреализм Wikipedia: 4/32 languages
«Красная липкая лента» (Red Fly-paper): Этот поразительный холст изображает одинокую фигуру посреди хаотичного пространства малиновых оттенков, символизируя уязвимость и пленение сокрушительными силами природы. «В цирке» (Hanging In The Circus): Изображение цирковой сцены Романом передает одновременно величие и беспокойство, отражая тревогу перед общественным конформизмом и потерей невинности.
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Spanish Born: Pontevedra Abstract Expressionist Wikipedia: 5/32 languages
Returning to Spain in 1955, he settled in Barcelona, a city that would become inextricably linked to his artistic identity. Castillo's artistic trajectory began with a formal education in drawing at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris, a crucial period that exposed him to the revolutionary currents of Surrealism.
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Canadian Born: Saskatchewan Abstract Figurative, Prairie Landscape Wikipedia: 3/32 languages
Born in the small Saskatchewan community of Tulymétik in 1935, Eyre’s artistic journey wasn't simply about depicting what he saw, but about translating a deeply felt connection to place into a visual language that explored existential themes and the complexities of human experience. Notably, nine of his sculptures are prominently displayed in the McMichael Sculpture Garden in Kleinburg, Ontario, and others grace Assiniboine Park in Winnipeg, enriching public spaces with his distinctive aesthetic.
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Уэльский Born: Данвант Сюрреализм, Экспрессионизм Wikipedia: 2/32 languages
«Девушка за пианино» (1949 г.) служит примером его кубистических наклонностей, представляя фрагментированную, но гармоничную композицию из угловатых форм и поразительных цветов.
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American Born: Richmond Surrealism, Realism Wikipedia: 3/32 languages
His involvement with the Works Progress Administration (WPA) provided him with invaluable experience documenting scenes of Bronzeville, a vibrant Black neighborhood in Chicago during the Depression era.
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British Wikipedia: 4/32 languages
Her work has been featured in group exhibitions at the Tate Modern, the Australian Centre for Contemporary Art, and the Museum of Contemporary Art Chicago. In 2017, she was honored with the Paul Hamlyn Foundation Award. Her performance art has included works such as The Ultimate Form, a collaboration with choreographer Kenneth Tindall, and Children of the Stain.
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Spanish Born: Torre de Miguel Sesmero New Figuration Wikipedia: 3/32 languages
The shadow of Pablo Picasso loomed large over Spanish art during Barjola’s formative years, but rather than imitation, Picasso's example spurred him toward originality. The Spanish Civil War cast a long pall over his generation, and while Barjola’s work wasn't overtly political in the propagandistic sense, it resonated with a profound sense of displacement and loss.
Notable works · 100 notable works
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Spanish Born: Milan Catalan Modernisme Wikipedia: 1/32 languages
Emilio Tadini was far more than a painter; he was a profound architect of meaning within the Italian cultural landscape. Born in Milan in 1927, his journey began not with a brush, but with the written word. A poet, novelist, and essayist, Tadini first emerged onto the prestigious literary stage in 1947 through Elio Vittorini's magazine, Politecnico.
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Catalan Born: Ос-де-Балагер Surrealism, Non-figurative Wikipedia: 1/32 languages
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Born: Chicago World Goes Pop Wikipedia: 1/32 languages
Lanyon’s early work focused on intimate portraits of relatives and the spaces they inhabited – quiet studies imbued with a sense of psychological depth. In the 1970s, Lanyon’s move to New York brought her into contact with the feminist art collective Heresies, further broadening her intellectual and artistic horizons.
Notable works
Chronology
Statistics
| Испания | 5 |
|---|---|
| США | 5 |
| Великобритания | 5 |
| France | 5 |
| Мексика | 4 |
| Германия | 4 |
| Польша | 3 |
| Аргентина | 3 |
| 1880s | 4 |
|---|---|
| 1890s | 12 |
| 1900s | 29 |
| 1910s | 14 |
| 1920s | 10 |
| 1930s | 3 |
| 1940s | 9 |
| 1950s | 4 |
Index
FAQ
Фрида Кало (#1) is first in this ranking, followed by Сальвадор Дали (#2) and Жоан Миро (#3).
Фрида Кало (#1), Сальвадор Дали (#2), Жоан Миро (#3), Рене Магритт (#4) and Макс Эрнст (#5).
Most artists in this list were born in the 1900s (29 of 86), between 1880 and 1957 overall.
The highest-ranked artists born in Испания are Сальвадор Дали (#2), Жоан Миро (#3), Ремедиос Варо (#11), Оскар Домингес (#41) and Леандр Кристоль И Перальба (#85).
Буэнос-Айрес: 2 of the artists in this list were born there.
The museums holding the most key works of this list are Израильский музей (7), Музей современного искусства (MoMA) (6) and Метрополитен-музей (3).
Испания: 5 of the 86 artists in this list were born there, then США (5) and Великобритания (5).
20 women are in this ranking: Фрида Кало (#1), Ремедиос Варо (#11), Леонора Каррингтон (#12), Доротея Таннинг (#14), Леонор Фини (#15), Мерет Оппенгейм (#17), Dora Maar (#25) and Эльза Шиапаррелли (#26).
The earliest-born artist in this list is Pierre Roy (#63), born in 1880.
The highest-ranked living artists in this list are Луис Ройо (#28), Джим Уоррен (#30), Михаил Паркс (#31), Октавио Окампо (#37), Луиджи Серафини (#40) and Михаэль Зова (#43).
The highest-ranked artists born in США are Ман Рей (#9), Доротея Таннинг (#14), Джозеф Корнелл (#22), Михаил Паркс (#31) and Джордж Кондо (#52).
The encyclopedia records 8,974 works by these artists.
Articles
See also
See also
See also