Reference list · Late Medieval
Simone Martini (1284–1344) is the most famous Late Medieval artist in this list; notable works include Maestà (Madonna with Angels and Saints) and Bebudelsen og to helgener (detalje). Ranks 2 to 5: Andrej Rubljov, Ambrogio Lorenzetti, Pietro Lorenzetti and Hubert Van Eyck. The list records 99 artists born between 1271 (Yuan Dynasty) and 1366 (Hubert Van Eyck) in 20 countries.
Method. Scope: artists whose works the encyclopedia records under Late Medieval. Ranking: the encyclopedia's fame ranking of artists. Artists born after 1955 without a Wikidata identifier are excluded pending verification. Wikipedia: number of the encyclopedia's 32 languages with an article on the artist.
Summary
Entries
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Italiensk Born: Siena International gotik Wikipedia: 28/32 languages
I 1319 færdiggjorde han Sankt Catharina af Alexandria Polyptych i Pisa. Saint Louis of Toulouse Crowning His Brother Robert of Anjou, 1317. Saint Louis of Toulouse Crowning His Brother Robert of Anjou, 1317.
Teacher of Lippo Memmi #10
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Russisk Born: Storfyrstendømmet Moskva Russisk ikonmaleri Wikipedia: 31/32 languages
Andrei Rublev (ca. 1360 – ca. 1430) står tilbage som en af de mest gådefulde og dybt indflydelsesrige skikkelser i den russiske kunsthistorie. I 1405 forenede han kræfter med Teofanes og Prokhor af Gorodets for at dekorere Bebudelseskatedralen, et vendepunkt i russisk ikonmaleri. Treenighedsikonet: Som uden tvivl Rublevs mest berømte værk er "Treenigheden" (ca. 1420-1428) et vidnesbyrd om hans kunstneriske geni.
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Born: Siena Wikipedia: 29/32 languages
Ambrogio Lorenzetti, født omkring 1290 i hjertet af Siena, Italien, trådte frem som en central figur i overgangen fra de middelalderlige kunstneriske traditioner til den spirende renæssance.
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Italiensk Born: Siena Tidlig renæssance Wikipedia: 27/32 languages
Født i det levende kulturelle landskab i Siena omkring 1280, udfoldede Lorenzettis kunstneriske rejse sig midt i en periode med betydelig intellektuel og kunstnerisk transformation i Toscana.
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Hollandsk Born: Maaseik Tidlig Nederlandsk Wikipedia: 20/32 languages
Født i Maasik omkring 1385 eller 1390 var han en del af en formidabel kunstnerisk dynasti; hans familiære forbindelser, herunder hans berømte bror Jan samt søskendene Lambert og Margaret, skabte en smeltedigel af kreativitet, der for altid ville ændre den europæiske malerkunsts bane.
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Italiensk Born: Firenze Tidlig renæssance Wikipedia: 23/32 languages
Som en af de mest fremtrædende elever af den legendariske Giotto di Bondone arvede Gaddi ikke blot en stil; han udvidede sin tids visuelle sprog.
Teacher of Agnolo Gaddi #7, Jacopo Del Casentino (Jacopo Landino) #52
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Italiensk Born: Firenze Ghibellino og Tidig Renässans Wikipedia: 20/32 languages
Agnolo’s formative years were steeped in the influence of Giotto di Bondone—a figure whose frescoes at Assisi and Padua had irrevocably altered conceptions of pictorial representation.
Student of Taddeo Gaddi #6
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Græsk Born: Konstantinopel Byzantinsk ikonografi Wikipedia: 22/32 languages
Han tilskrives forfinelsen af brugen af temperamaling, hvilket opnåede en bemærkelsesværdig lysstyrke og farvedybde, som ikke tidligere var set i russisk ikonografi.
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Born: Venedig
Paolo Veneziano (ca. 1333 – 1358) står som en monumental skikkelse i den venetianske kunsthistorie, universelt anerkendt som det fjortende århundredes vigtigste venetianske maler. Født ind i en kunstnerisk slægt i selve Venedig – hans far var selv en berømt kunstner – faldt Venezianos korte, men brillante karriere sammen med en transformativ periode i europæisk malerkunst.
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Born: Siena Wikipedia: 17/32 languages
Lippo Memmi, født omkring 1291 i hjertet af Siena, Italien, står som en central figur i overgangen fra den byzantinsk-rodede tradition inden for middelalderlig malerkunst til den spirende elegance i den Internationale Gotiks stil.
Student of Simone Martini #1
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Italian Born: Zevio Gothic Art Wikipedia: 20/32 languages
Here, around 1364, he embarked on an ambitious cycle depicting scenes from Josephus's Wars of the Jews.
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Italiensk Born: Arezzo Forbindelse mellem Giotto og den sienesiske skole Wikipedia: 16/32 languages
Født ind i en familie af florentinske guldsmede var hans sande navn Spinello Di Luca Spinelli, men han blev kendt i historien under øgenavnet "Aretino", hvilket signalerede hans tilknytning til Arezzo. I hans tidlige år arbejdede han i de travle værksteder i Firenze, hvor han bidrog til monumentale værker som fresker i kirkerne Carmine og Santa Maria Novella.
Student of Jacopo Del Casentino (Jacopo Landino) #52 · Teacher of Lorenzo di Bicci #33
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Italiensk Born: Firenze Ungrenæssance Wikipedia: 17/32 languages
Bernardo Daddi, født i Firenze omkring 1290 og bortgangen i 1348, står som en skelsættende skikkelse i overgangen fra den sene gotik til den spirende italienske renæssance. Ligeledes bemærkelsesværdig er "Sankt Stefanis martyrdød", der findes i Pinacoteca Vaticana – en predella bestående af otte paneler malet omkring 1345.
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Italiensk Born: Pontecorvo Gotik
Født i Pontecorvo, Lazio, forbliver Pisanos tidlige liv svøbt i mystik, selvom han først forfinede sit håndværk som guldsmed, før han omkring år 1300 dedikerede sig fuldt ud til skulpturen under vejledning af Mino di Giovanni.
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Italian Born: Florence Early Renaissance
He demonstrated a particular skill in depicting religious scenes – notably the Coronation of the Virgin, now housed in the Accademia in Venice, and the harrowing Massacre of the Innocents, preserved in the Uffizi Gallery in Florence. The Madonna del Parto within the church of San Lorenzo, Florence, further exemplifies his sensitivity to maternal tenderness and spiritual devotion.
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Kinesisk Born: Wuxi De fire mestre fra Yuan-dynastiet Wikipedia: 15/32 languages
Hans navne var præget af tradition og poesi; hans æresnavn var Yuan Zhen (元鎮), og han benyttede kunstneriske pseudonymer som Yun Lin Zi (雲林子), Huan Xia Sheng (幻霞生), og Jing Man Min (荊蠻民). Ni Zan betragtes som en af de fire mestre fra Yuan-dynastiet, sammen med Huang Gongwang, Wu Zhen og Wang Meng.
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Italian Born: Florence Gothic-Late Gothic
This ambitious project represents arguably the pinnacle of Late Gothic art in Italy, showcasing Orcagna’s mastery of sculptural technique alongside his exceptional painting prowess.
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Italian Born: Florence Gothic-Late Gothic Wikipedia: 20/32 languages
He was formally admitted into the painter’s guild in 1343-44 and later joined the stonemasons’ guild in 1352, demonstrating his versatility and ambition across multiple artistic disciplines. His work served as an inspiration to many of Florence’s leading painters, including Jacopo di Cione, his brother, who continued Orcagna's artistic legacy after his death in 1368.
Student of Andrea Pisano #14
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Italiensk Born: Lombardien Proto-Renaissance
Født Giovanni di Jacopo di Guido da Caversaccio i Lombardiet omkring 1346, udfoldede hans kunstneriske rejse primært inden for det pulserende kulturelle landskab i Firenze under en tid med enorm forandring og innovation.
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Italian Born: Venice Early Renaissance painting Wikipedia: 15/32 languages
He devoured treatises on geometry, meticulously studying the principles of linear perspective —a system that had only recently been codified by Filippo Brunelleschi and Leon Battista Alberti. Born in Florence around 1397 as Paolo di Dono, he adopted the surname “ Uccello ” – meaning "bird" – perhaps indicative of his family’s emblem or simply a personal inclination.
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Italian Born: Siena Gothic Art Wikipedia: 14/32 languages
Through the dramatic shadows of his frescoes and the haunting beauty of his Madonna with Child, Barna da Siena remains an eternal presence in the canon of Italian masters, a name that continues to echo through the corridors of art history, inviting us to rediscover the soul of the Middle Ages.
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Chinese Born: Huzhou Yuan Dynasty Landscape Painting Wikipedia: 14/32 languages
Unlike the more restrained approaches of his contemporaries, Wang Meng’s paintings are characterized by an extraordinary density and dynamism. Wang Meng’s style was profoundly influenced by the landscape painters who preceded him – Wang Wei, Dong Yuan, and Juran – but he developed his own distinctive voice through his innovative use of brushwork and composition.
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Spanish Born: Palma de Mallorca Nautical cartography
Arabic Influence: The cartographic traditions of the Islamic world likely influenced Cresques' work, particularly in terms of astronomical knowledge and map projections.
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French Medieval Art, Religious Paintings
His tapestries, particularly the famed “Seven Seals” cycle now housed in the Saint-Nicolas du Chardonnet church in Paris, offer a window into a world grappling with anxieties about mortality, divine judgment, and the impending end times – a perspective rarely found in contemporary art. The depiction of Babylon’s destruction reflects the prevailing fears about political instability and social decay in 14th-century France.
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Italiensk Born: Venedig Byzantinsk kunst Wikipedia: 11/32 languages
Året 1336 runger i Italiens kunstneriske landskab, uadskilleligt forbundet med en skikkelse indhyllet i et fascinerende mysterium – Mesteren fra 1336. Mere præcist kendt som Giovanni Lipini giver denne kunstners navn, der stammer fra et mirakuløst fresko af Jomfru Maria i Santa Maria delle Grazie i Pistoia, et forførende indblik i hans oprindelse og varige indflydelse.
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Italian Trecento
It’s believed that Segna spent time in Florence during this period, absorbing influences from the burgeoning Florentine school, which was beginning to experiment with linear perspective and naturalistic representation.
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Italian Born: Colle di Val d'Elsa Late Gothic Wikipedia: 18/32 languages
His most significant achievement, Il libro dell'arte (The Craftsman’s Handbook), stands as one of the most vital documents in the history of Western art.
Student of Agnolo Gaddi #7
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Born: Siena Wikipedia: 13/32 languages
Ugolino di Nerio, et navn der i vid udstrækning er fraværende fra de gængse kunsthistoriske fortællinger, står som en skelsættende skikkelse i det spirende kunstneriske landskab i Siena og Firenze i 1320'erne.
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Italian Born: Siena Early Renaissance Wikipedia: 13/32 languages
In works such as his Virgin and Child with Saints, one can witness the evolution of his hand—moving from the more rigid, ornamental patterns of the late Gothic style toward a more robust and naturalistic approach. The historical significance of Taddeo di Bartolo lies in his role as a custodian of Sienese identity during a period of immense change.
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Italian Born: Florence Early Quattrocento
Despite the paucity of surviving paintings attributed to Lippo di Benivieni, his influence is palpable in several significant frescoes adorning churches throughout Siena and San Gimignano. His association with Bartolo di Fredi marks a crucial juncture in Siena's artistic evolution, propelling the city toward a more expressive and nuanced visual language.
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Chinese Landscape painting
His most significant debt is undoubtedly to Wang Meng (1308-1383), one of the last great masters of the Yuan dynasty.
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Italian Born: Siena Sienese School Wikipedia: 12/32 languages
Working alongside luminaries such as Luca di Tommè, he contributed to significant communal works, including an altarpiece for the shoemaker's guild in the cathedral of Siena, marking his first documented presence in the annals of art history.
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Italian Florentine School
He skillfully employed perspective, though not with the mathematically precise rigor of later Renaissance artists, creating a sense of depth and spatial awareness through subtle variations in scale and detail. He is considered a crucial link between the late Gothic style of his predecessors and the groundbreaking innovations of artists like Masaccio and Botticelli.
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Belgian Born: Ypres Early Netherlandish Painting Wikipedia: 15/32 languages
His influence can be traced through the lineage of the great Netherlandish painters, acting as a vital precursor to the technical perfection achieved by Jan van Eyck. As the favored painter to powerful patrons such as Louis de Mâle, Count of Flanders, and later the formidable Philip the Bold, Duke of Burgundy, his work became a visual manifestation of ducal prestige.
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Italiensk Born: Firenze Florentinsk skole
Disse monumentale malerier, der skildrer scener fra bibelsk historie og mytologiske fortællinger, repræsenterer et højdepunkt inden for florentinsk renæssancekunst, idet de viser Lorenzos mestring af farve, komposition og perspektiv.
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Italian Born: Florence Venetian Renaissance Wikipedia: 12/32 languages
Historical Continuity: Serving as a crucial link between the late Gothic tradition and the dawn of the High Renaissance.
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French Early Gothic painting
Jean Pucelle remains one of the most captivating enigmas in the annals of medieval art, a figure whose name is whispered with reverence by those who study the delicate transition from the rigid structures of the Middle Ages to the burgeoning humanism of the Renaissance.
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Italiensk Born: Firenze Toskanisk maleri Wikipedia: 12/32 languages
Denne monumentale struktur, færdiggjort omkring 1359, fremviser Orcagnas exceptionelle kunnen som arkitekt og skulptør.
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Italian Born: Piove di Sacco Early Renaissance; Venetian painting; Gothic art Wikipedia: 12/32 languages
Guariento di Arpo (c. 1310–1370) stands as a monumental figure of the Trecento, acting as the essential bridge between the grounded, volumetric realism of Florence and the ethereal, ornamental splendor of the Venetian Gothic tradition.
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Italian Born: Pratovecchio Gothic & Early Renaissance Wikipedia: 10/32 languages
He stands as a pivotal bridge between two worlds—the stylized, symbolic realm of the Gothic and the human-centric, observational era of the Renaissance.
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Hollandsk Born: Haarlem Nordlig realisme
Claus Sluter (ca. 1350-1406) står som en af sin tids mest indflydelsesrige billedhuggere og markerede et afgørende vendepunkt mellem de gotiske og renæssancemæssige kunsttraditioner i Nordeuropa. Indskriften af hans navn i Bruxelles' stenhuggerværkstedregister omkring 1379/1380 bekræfter hans professionelle virke og understreger håndværkets betydning i den middelalderlige kunstkultur.
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Japanese Born: Kyoto Rinzai Zen, Gozan Bungaku
Kokan Shiren (虎関師錬; 9 May 1278 – 11 August 1347), a pivotal figure in 14th-century Japan, stands as a unique confluence of artistic expression, philosophical depth, and historical scholarship.
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Italian Born: Florence Gothic Wikipedia: 7/32 languages
Furthermore, he continued to secure patronage from influential families like the Albizzi, ensuring that Florentine art would endure as a symbol of prestige and cultural achievement. The dispersed predella depicting scenes from Saint Peter’s life – a collaborative effort with Niccolò di Pietro Gerini – remains a poignant reminder of Jacopo's artistic legacy and the enduring power of Florentine Gothic art.
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Italian Born: Siena Sienese School Wikipedia: 13/32 languages
I hjertet af det fjortende århundredes Toscana, en periode defineret ved overgangen fra den gotiske æras eteriske ynde til renæssancens spirende humanisme, trådte Bartolo di Fredi frem som en mester af lys og fortælling. Han blev født i Siena omkring 1330 og var mere end blot en maler; han var en bro mellem to verdener.
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German Born: Dortmund International Gothic soft style Wikipedia: 13/32 languages
His presence in Dortmund placed him at the heart of a cosmopolitan social circle, where he moved among the patrician elite, securing the patronage necessary to sustain a thriving workshop that would influence Northern European painting well into the late 15th century. Completed around 1420, this monumental triptych stands as a pinnacle of the International Gothic style.
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Egyptian Born: Amarna Amarna art style
He primarily worked with fine-grained limestone, a material readily available in the quarries surrounding Amarna. Though Tuthmosis died around 1300 BC, his influence on Egyptian art endures.
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Italian Born: Valmorea Italian Gothic Wikipedia: 13/32 languages
In the bustling streets of Florence, where the air was thick with the scent of fresh pigment and the echoes of a changing era, a painter named Giovanni di Jacopo di Guido da Caversaccio began to make his mark. Hailing from Lombardy, he arrived in Tuscany as a man seeking his fortune, appearing in the city's records as Johannes Jacobi de Commo.
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German Born: Minden International Gothic Wikipedia: 13/32 languages
While sharing similarities with other artists of the period, such as Master Francke (another prominent Hamburg painter), Bertram's work possesses a distinct character—a subtle restraint in emotional expression compared to Francke’s more overtly dramatic approach.
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Italian Born: Siena Gothic architecture/sculpture
Giorgio Vasari, the celebrated Renaissance art historian, initially placed Agostino within the orbit of Giovanni Pisano’s workshop, suggesting a formative apprenticeship under this master sculptor. His exact date of death remains unknown, though records indicate he was no longer living as of June 27, 1347—a period marked by the devastating impact of the Black Death.
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Born: Kyoto
Late in his career, Yoshimitsu increasingly sought to legitimize his power through the lens of Buddhist kingship.
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Netherlandish Born: Valenciennes Pucellian revival
His technical achievements are best observed in the following areas: Illuminated Manuscripts: In works such as the Psalter of Jean de Berry and his depictions of figures like King David, Beauneveu demonstrated an extraordinary ability to use light and shadow to create a sense of three-dimensional volume on parchment. While contemporary chroniclers like Jean Froissart hinted at potential travels to England—suggesting a possible collaboration with artists like Jean de Liege—Beauneveu's primary impact remained rooted in the French and Low Countries territories.
Notable works · 100 notable works
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Italian Born: Florence Renaissance
Iconographic Clarity: The seamless integration of complex Christian symbolism within accessible, beautiful compositions. Often known to history through the mistaken identity of Jacopo Landino —a nomenclature born from the historical errors of Giorgio Vasari—this Florentine master navigated the delicate transition between the late Gothic tradition and the burgeoning sensibilities of the early Renaissance.
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Japansk Born: Aichi-præfekturet Zen-buddhisme Wikipedia: 12/32 languages
Musō Soseki, en fremtrædende skikkelse inden for japansk kunst og spiritualitet, blev født i 1275 og gik bort den 20. oktober 1351. For et glimt af den stil, han inspirerede, kan man udforske værker som Li Yanshans "landskab i stilen fra Zhan Jingfeng", som, selvom det ikke direkte tilskrives Musō Soseki, afspejler den vedvarende indflydelse fra hans kunstneriske tilgang.
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Italian Born: Pisa Gothic Art Wikipedia: 11/32 languages
The Dance of Death Motif: The Triumph of Death fresco, arguably Traini's magnum opus, embodies the pervasive preoccupation with mortality during the Black Death era. Orcagna's Legacy: Andrea Orcagna’s influence is undeniable in Traini’s compositional strategies and expressive dynamism.
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Italian Born: Bologna International Gothic Wikipedia: 12/32 languages
His legacy is found in: The Synthesis of Styles: The seamless integration of Riminese color palettes with Giottesque structural depth. His works, scattered across prestigious locations such as Pomposa Abbey and Udine Cathedral, serve as windows into a world where the divine and the earthly were intimately entwined.
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Kurdish Born: Erbil Company Style
His most significant association was with Mary Impey, wife of Sir Elijah Impey, Chief Justice of Calcutta Supreme Court. Recent exhibitions at institutions like the Royal Albert Memorial Museum in Exeter and the Wallace Collection in London have brought renewed attention to his work, highlighting his importance as a key figure in the Company style and a bridge between cultures.
Notable works · 100 notable works
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Spanish Gothic-Italian
Born around 1357 and passing away in 1406, his life coincided with a period of significant artistic and cultural change across Europe, yet he maintained a distinctly Catalan sensibility throughout his career. The city was a vibrant hub for trade and artistic exchange, exposed to influences from Italy, France, and Flanders.
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Mexicansk Born: Tenochtitlan Mesoamerikansk kunst
De kunstneriske traditioner opstod i begyndelsen af det 14. århundrede i Tenochtitlan, hjertet af Aztekerriget, og var dybt forankret i arven fra tidligere mesoamerikanske civilisationer. Olmekerne, med deres kolossale hoveder og sofistikerede kalendersystemer, Teotihuacan-folket, berømt for deres massive pyramider og byplanlægning, og Toltekerne, mestre i metalarbejde og skulptur, bidrog alle til den rige kunstneriske vævning, som aztekerne arvede.
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Chinese Born: Taizhou Yuan dynasty calligraphy
Some of his most notable achievements include: Teaching on Enlightenment: A masterpiece written in running script that is currently held within the prestigious collection of the Tokyo National Museum in Japan, recognized as a National Treasure.
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Italian Byzantine-influenced art; Gothic art
Born into a lineage of painters, likely the son of Martino and brother to Marco, Paolo’s very existence was woven into the fabric of Venetian artistic tradition. His ability to blend the following elements created a style that was uniquely "Venetian": Luminous Color Palettes: Drawing from the Byzantine tradition to create depth and spiritual radiance.
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Italian Born: Perugia Renaissance
As the tides of history shifted, Matteo relocated to Florence around 1375, a move that would place him at the epicenter of the artistic Renaissance.
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Born: Nanjing
By commissioning the legendary Admiral Zheng He to lead a series of massive naval expeditions, Zhu Di projected Chinese prestige across the Western Oceans, reaching as far as India and Southeast Asia.
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Catalan Born: Avinyonet del Penedès Gothic painting
Born around 1285 in the small town of Avinyonet del Penedès, his early life remains shrouded in some mystery, yet the documented evidence reveals a trajectory marked by both diligent craftsmanship and royal favor. He is widely regarded as a pivotal figure in the development of Catalan Gothic painting, instrumental in integrating Italian artistic influences into the local tradition and forging a unique and distinctive style.
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Italian Born: Modena Late Gothic Wikipedia: 15/32 languages
His distinctive style, characterized by earthy realism blended with humanist ideals, cemented his reputation as a master craftsman and intellectual whose oeuvre continues to inspire admiration for its sensitivity and technical prowess. His unwavering commitment to naturalistic representation—coupled with his masterful command of perspective—established a precedent for Renaissance artists seeking to emulate the grandeur and clarity of classical art forms.
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Italian Born: Bologna Renaissance, Proto-Renaissance
D'Avanzi’s style occupies a fascinating position within the transition from Gothic art to the early Renaissance.
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Italiensk Born: San Quirico d'Orcia Naturalisme, Proto-renæssance Wikipedia: 10/32 languages
Deres fresker i den nedre kirke af San Francesco i Assisi er eksempler på denne revolutionerende stil.
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Italian Born: Florence Early Italian painter Wikipedia: 14/32 languages
His output includes a variety of formats, from devotional panels to architectural elements: Frescoes: The narrative cycles in the San Silvestro chapel, Santa Croce, Florence.
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Yuan dynasty Born: Jiashan County Wikipedia: 12/32 languages
His hand was guided by a desire to harmonize the visual with the intellectual, a pursuit that led him to become one of the Four Masters of the Yuan. His influence reached far beyond his own lifetime, as he was recognized as one of the Four Yuan Masters, alongside Huang Gongwang, Ni Zan, and Wang Meng.
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Florentine Born: Florence Later Gothic Wikipedia: 10/32 languages
While his roots remain firmly planted in the Florentine school, a distinct Sienese influence begins to emerge in his compositions.
Student of Taddeo Gaddi #6 · Teacher of Spinello Aretino #12
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Italian Born: Florence Early Renaissance Wikipedia: 12/32 languages
Giotto's Legacy: As a student of Giotto, Menabuoi absorbed Giotto’s expressive technique—characterized by elongated figures and emotionally charged gestures—establishing a crucial link between Florentine artistic tradition and Byzantine influences. Unlike many of his contemporaries who embraced the burgeoning realism championed by artists like Altichiero and Jacopo d'Avanzi, Menabuoi prioritized conveying spiritual emotion over meticulous anatomical accuracy—a hallmark of Giotto’s artistic vision.
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French Born: Hesdin International Gothic Wikipedia: 13/32 languages
Grandes Heures: Another important illuminated manuscript commissioned by the Duke of Berry. He synthesized these influences into a unique International Gothic style that was highly sought after by European nobility.
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Italian Born: Viterbo Early Italian Renaissance
He drew inspiration from the monumental weight and structural clarity of Giotto di Bondone, while simultaneously embracing the lyrical elegance and refined grace found in the works of Simone Martini.
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Japan Born: Yamashiro Zen buddhism art
Unlike the flamboyant styles prevalent during Nanbokuchō, Gukyoku's approach prioritized conveying spiritual essence over visual spectacle. His meticulous technique and contemplative aesthetic established precedents for subsequent generations of Zen painters, emphasizing simplicity, directness, and an unwavering focus on capturing the essence of Buddhist thought.
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Chinese Zen Buddhism
Born in China during the vibrant Yuan Dynasty, his life was a bridge between two worlds, spanning the intellectual rigor of Chinese scholarship and the spiritual revitalization of Japanese Zen.
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Italian Born: Siena Sienese school
He possessed a rare, intuitive grasp of how to marry the ancient, ethereal majesty of Byzantine iconography with the burgeoning humanism and spatial curiosity emerging from Florence. He remained an active and influential force in the Sienese school even as the devastating Black Death of 1348 reshaped the social and cultural landscape of Italy.
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Japanese Born: Hara Zen painting
He was particularly influenced by the Chinese master Hsieh Ho (c. 1021–1076), whose innovative use of color, particularly in depicting landscapes, served as a significant model for Tettō. Gikō Tettō’s influence on Japanese art extends far beyond his own lifetime.
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Italian Born: Modena Byzantine-influenced Lombard Painting Wikipedia: 12/32 languages
Notable Works & Patronage: Barnaba’s prolific output encompassed around fifty paintings—a remarkable achievement considering the period—primarily focused on depictions of the Virgin Mary and Christ, often framed within elaborate architectural settings reminiscent of Byzantine churches.
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German-Bohemian Born: Schwäbisch Gmünd Late Gothic
In the heart of the Late Middle Ages, a period defined by soaring spires and profound devotion, Peter Parler emerged as one of the most influential architects and sculptors of his era. Known variously as Peter von Gemünd or Petr Parléř, his identity was inextricably linked to the Parler family, a lineage of craftsmen whose influence stretched across much of Central Europe.
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Italiensk Born: Barcelona Tidlig renæssance
Bonanat Descoll I De Santcliment var en catalansk admiral for kronen Aragonien i det 14. århundrede. Han blev født i Barcelona, Spanien, i 1310 og døde i 1390. Bonanat Descoll I De Santcliment var ikke blot en dygtig militær leder, men også en fuldendt kunstner.
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Chinese Born: Beijing Landscape Art
The Yuan Dynasty (1271–1368), established by Kublai Khan, represents a singular moment in Chinese history – the first time a foreign power successfully ruled over all of China.
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Italian Born: Verona Trecento art
The attribution of certain works to Giovanni di Rigino remains a subject of scholarly debate.
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Italian Born: Siena Gothic Art
His most recognizable works center on themes of the Annunciation, the Madonna and Child, and scenes from the life of Christ. Yet, unlike Simone’s increasingly internationalized aesthetic, Domenico remained firmly rooted in the Sienese tradition.
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Italian Gothic Art Italy
The city boasted a vibrant sculptural tradition, influenced by both French Gothic precedents and the burgeoning Italian style. He frequently collaborated with painters, as seen in the Monument to Tarlati, highlighting the interconnectedness of artistic disciplines during the 14th century.
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Italian Born: Milan Gothic
However, he also absorbed influences from Northern European sculpture traditions, particularly those emanating from France and Germany, demonstrating a cosmopolitan outlook that characterized the artistic landscape of his era.
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Italian Born: Arezzo Humanist poetry
His father, Ser Parenzo, held positions of considerable authority, including serving as Chancellor of the Commission for Reforms, demonstrating a family legacy rooted in public service and intellectual pursuits. He was deeply influenced by the rediscovery of classical texts – particularly those of Cicero – which fueled the humanist movement’s emphasis on human potential, reason, and civic virtue.
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Born: Siena
Vasari also mentions collaborations on commissions from the commune of Siena, including the Porta Romana and the iconic Torre del Mangia.
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Japanese Born: Tokyo Zen Buddhism
Beyond his poetic achievements, Sesson Yūbai left an indelible mark on Japanese Buddhism through the establishment of several provincial temple-monasteries—most notably Hōun-ji and Hōrin-ji in Harima Prefecture.
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Egyptian Born: Cairo Islamic Art
Sultan Al-Malik Al-Zahir Abu Sa’id Barquq, a name resonating through the annals of Mamluk Egypt, stands as a pivotal figure in the 14th-century Islamic world.
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Italian Born: Certaldo Humanism precursor
Born amidst the rolling landscapes of Certaldo in 1313, Giovanni Boccaccio emerged as a vital force in the cultural landscape of the fourteenth century. As one of the legendary "Three Crowns" of Italian literature—standing alongside the giants Dante Alighieri and Petrarch—his life served as a bridge between the medieval world and the dawning light of the Renaissance.
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Japanese Buddhist Art
While the Nanboku-chō period was defined by conflict between rival courts, Kōgon’s focus on Buddhist art provided a sense of cultural continuity and spiritual stability. Emperor Kōgon (1313–1364) was not merely a sovereign navigating a period of profound instability; he was a visionary patron whose devotion to Buddhist iconography helped reshape the aesthetic soul of Northern Japan.
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Japanese Born: Tokyo Rinzai Zen
Notable Works & Recognition: Genkō's magnum opus is arguably “Poems of the Five Mountains,” a collection that meticulously documented his travels across Japan’s sacred peaks—Mount Fuji, Mount Hakusan, Mount Kinmochi, Mount Ōyama, and Mount Tsukuba.
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Italian Born: Sant Joan de les Abadès Sienese painting, Gothic influence
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English Born: Norwich Medieval Mysticism
Through these spiritual windows, she glimpsed a God characterized not by distant judgment, but by an overwhelming, compassionate intimacy.
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Italian Born: Florence Renaissance Painting Wikipedia: 10/32 languages
To study Nardo is to witness the evolution of the Florentine spirit: Technical Versatility: The seamless integration of sculptural depth with painterly fluidity. Born around 1320, he was part of a formidable artistic dynasty, working alongside his brothers, the renowned Orcagna (Andrea di Cione) and Jacopo di Cione.
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Egyptian Born: Amarna Ancient Egyptian Art
Each artifact—from the delicate ebony rods inscribed with sacred hieroglyphs to the iconic, shimmering golden mask —embodies an idealized vision of royal divinity.
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Italian Born: Modena Giottesque & Bolognese
Beyond the cathedral walls, Serafini’s influence extended into other significant religious sites, such as the Church of San Francesco in Mantua. In the twilight of the fourteenth century, amidst the architectural grandeur of Northern Italy, the name Serafino Serafini emerged as a vital, if enigmatic, force in the evolution of late medieval painting.
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Italian Venetian Gothic
The magnum opus of Filippo Calendario remains inextricably linked to the ambitious rebuilding project of the Doge’s Palace.
Notable works · 100 notable works
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Italian Born: Pietrantonella Late Medieval Art
Through these disciples, his meticulous attention to detail and his ability to blend diverse European influences flowed into the next generation, helping to bridge the gap between the late Gothic period and the dawn of the Renaissance in Naples. In the twilight of the Middle Ages, as the rigid structures of the Gothic era began to soften under the burgeoning light of the Renaissance, there emerged a master whose hands shaped the very identity of Neapolitan grandeur.
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Italian Born: Tosa Byzantine art
Equally significant was the work of Maso di Banco, a prominent Sienese painter known for his dramatic compositions and expressive figures. The figure known as the Master of 1336 remains one of the most intriguing enigmas in Italian art history.
Notable works
Chronology
Statistics
| Italy | 39 |
|---|---|
| Italien | 17 |
| Japan | 9 |
| China | 4 |
| Spain | 3 |
| France | 3 |
| Egypt | 3 |
| People's Republic of China | 2 |
| 1270s | 4 |
|---|---|
| 1280s | 9 |
| 1290s | 11 |
| 1300s | 9 |
| 1310s | 8 |
| 1320s | 12 |
| 1330s | 13 |
| 1340s | 9 |
| 1350s | 15 |
| 1360s | 9 |
| Metropolitan Museum of Art | 19 |
|---|---|
| Galleria degli Uffizi | 5 |
| Harvard Art Museums | 5 |
| Gemäldegalerie | 5 |
| Yale University Art Gallery | 4 |
| National Gallery | 4 |
| National Gallery of Art | 3 |
| Rijksmuseum | 3 |
Index
Simone MartiniItaliensk · 1284–1344Andrej RubljovRussisk · 1360–1430Ambrogio Lorenzetti1290–1348Pietro LorenzettiItaliensk · 1280–1348Hubert Van EyckHollandsk · 1366–1426Taddeo GaddiItaliensk · 1300–1366Agnolo GaddiItaliensk · 1350–1396Theofanes grækerenGræsk · 1335–1410Paolo Veneziano1333–1358Lippo Memmi1291–1356AltichieroItalian · 1330–1390Spinello AretinoItaliensk · 1350–1410Bernardo DaddiItaliensk · 1290–1348Andrea PisanoItaliensk · 1290–1348Niccolò Di TommasoItalian · 1346–1376Ni ZanKinesisk · 1301–1374Andrea Di Cione Di Arcangelo (Orcagna)Italian · 1308–1368OrcagnaItalian · 1315–1368Giovanni Da MilanoItaliensk · 1346–1369Paolo VenezianoItalian · 1300–1365Barna Da SienaItalian · 1330–1380Wang MengChinese · 1308–1385Cresques AbrahamSpanish · 1325–1387Nicolas BatailleFrench · 1330–1405Lorenzo VenezianoItaliensk · 1336–1379Segna Di BuonaventureItalian · 1298–1326Cennino CenniniItalian · 1360–1440Ugolino Di Nerio1280–1330Taddeo di BartoloItalian · 1362–1422Lippo Di BenivieniItalian · 1296–1327Zhao YuanChinese · born 1350Andrea Di BartoloItalian · 1360–1428Lorenzo di BicciItalian · 1350–1427Melchior BroederlamBelgian · 1355–1410Bicci Di LorenzoItaliensk · 1350–1427Gherardo StarninaItalian · 1354–1413Jean PucelleFrench · 1300–1334Andrea di BonaiutoItaliensk · 1343–1379Guariento di ArpoItalian · 1310–1370Giovanni Del BiondoItalian · 1356–1399Claus SluterHollandsk · 1355–1406Kokan ShirenJapanese · 1278–1346Jacopo di CioneItalian · 1325–1399Bartolo Di FrediItalian · 1330–1410Conrad von SoestGerman · 1360–1423TuthmosisEgyptian · 1340–1300Giovanni da MilanoItalian · 1325–1370Master BertramGerman · 1345–1415Agostino Di GiovanniItalian · 1285–1347Ashikaga Yoshimitsu1358–1408André BeauneveuNetherlandish · 1335–1403Jacopo Del Casentino (Jacopo Landino)Italian · 1330–1380Musō SosekiJapansk · 1275–1351Francesco TrainiItalian · 1321–1365Vitale Da BolognaItalian · 1289–1359Sheikh Zain Al-DinKurdish · born 1325Pere SerraSpanish · 1357–1406AztekerrigetMexicansk · 1300–1521Liaoan QingyuChinese · 1288–1363Marco Di Paolo VenezianoItalian · born 1362Matteo Di Ser CambioItalian · 1351–1424Zhu Di1360–1424Ferrer BassaCatalan · 1285–1348Tommaso Da ModenaItalian · 1326–1379Jacopo AvanziItalian · 1350–1416Paolo Di Giovanni FeiItaliensk · 1345–1411GiottinoItalian · 1324–1372Wu ZhenYuan dynasty · 1280–1354Jacopo del CasentinoFlorentine · 1297–1358Giusto De' MenabuoiItalian · 1330–1393Jacquemart de HesdinFrench · 1350–1410Matteo GiovanettiItalian · 1322–1368Reisai GukyokuJapan · 1363–1452Qingzhuo Zhengcheng, Ch'Ing-Cho Cheng-Ch'EngChinese · 1274–1339Bartolommeo BulgariniItalian · 1305–1378Gikō TettōJapanese · 1295–1369Barnaba Da ModenaItalian · 1328–1386Peter ParlerGerman-Bohemian · 1330–1399Bonanat Descoll I De SantclimentItaliensk · 1310–1390Yuan DynastyChinese · 1271–1368Giovanni Di RiginoItalian · born 1315Domenico Di AgostinoItalian · 1317–1366Agnolo Di VenturaItalian · 1290–1349Giovanni Da CampioneItalian · 1320–1375Francesco Di PetraccoItalian · 1304–1374Giovanni d'Agostino1285–1347Sesson YūbaiJapanese · 1290–1347Sultan Al-Malik Al-Zahir Abu Sa’Id BarquqEgyptian · 1339–1399Giovanni Di Chellino BoccaccioItalian · 1313–1375Emperor KōgonJapanese · 1313–1364Jakushitsu GenkōJapanese · 1290–1367Bernat Saulet I El Taller De Sant Joan De Les AbadessesItalian · 1341–1342Mother JulianEnglish · born 1343Nardo di CioneItalian · 1320–1366TutankhamenEgyptian · 1345–1327Serafino SerafiniItalian · 1324–1393Filippo CalendarioItalian · 1315–1355Antonio Baboccio Da PipernoItalian · 1351–1435Zekkai ChūshinItalian · 1336–1405FAQ
Simone Martini (#1) is first in this ranking, followed by Andrej Rubljov (#2) and Ambrogio Lorenzetti (#3).
Simone Martini (#1), Andrej Rubljov (#2), Ambrogio Lorenzetti (#3), Pietro Lorenzetti (#4) and Hubert Van Eyck (#5).
The highest-ranked living artists in this list are Zhao Yuan (#31), Sheikh Zain Al-Din (#56), Marco Di Paolo Veneziano (#60), Giovanni Di Rigino (#81) and Mother Julian (#93).
1 women are in this ranking: Mother Julian (#93).
The museums holding the most key works of this list are Metropolitan Museum of Art (19), Galleria degli Uffizi (5) and Harvard Art Museums (5).
Taddeo Gaddi (#6) taught Agnolo Gaddi (#7) and Jacopo Del Casentino (Jacopo Landino) (#52); Simone Martini (#1) taught Lippo Memmi (#10); Spinello Aretino (#12) taught Lorenzo di Bicci (#33).
Siena: 13 of the artists in this list were born there.
The highest-ranked artists born in Italy are Altichiero (#11), Niccolò Di Tommaso (#15), Andrea Di Cione Di Arcangelo (Orcagna) (#17), Orcagna (#18) and Paolo Veneziano (#20).
Italy: 39 of the 99 artists in this list were born there, then Italien (17) and Japan (9).
Most artists in this list were born in the 1350s (15 of 99), between 1271 and 1366 overall.
The earliest-born artist in this list is Yuan Dynasty (#80), born in 1271.
The encyclopedia records 1,491 works by these artists.
See also
Famous Baroque artistsNattevagten · Rembrandt Van Rijn
Famous Contemporary Realist artistsGlanskerne · Jean-François Millet
Famous Impressionist artistsStjernevisningen (New York, MoMA) · Vincent Van Gogh
Famous Romanticist artistsSaturn fortærende sin søn · Francisco Goya
Famous Neoclassicist artistsMarats død · Jacques-Louis David
Famous Realist artistsVerdens fødsel · Gustave Courbet
Famous Renaissance artistsMona Lisa (La Gioconda) · Leonardo Da Vinci
Famous Dutch Golden Age artistsJohannes Vermeer · Johannes Vermeer
Famous Expressionist artistsKomposition VII · Vasilij Kandinskij
Famous Rococo artistsAnkomst til Cythéra · Antoine WatteauSee also
Famous Early Medieval artistsSnowy River · Wang Wei
Famous High Medieval artistsMadonna in Maest (Ognissanti Madonna) · Giotto Di Bondone
Famous Renaissance artistsAdams skabelse · Michelangelo
Famous Early Modern artistsKaldet til at være Matthæus · Michelangelo di Caravaggio
Famous 19th Century artistsÅkander (eller Nympheas) · Claude Monet
Famous Modern artistsGuernica · Pablo Picasso
Famous Contemporary artistsWind Sculpture III (one in a series of nine) · Yinka ShonibareSee also
![Madonna of Humility, The Blessing Christ, Two Angels, and a Donor [obverse] by Andrea Di Bartolo](/media/artworks/images-thumb/f3/31/f3317163438ed194835309786408ef36.jpg)
![[Appointment of Romeu Desplà as administrator and notary for the works of the galleys at the Drassanes (shipyards) of Barcelona]\n\nAppointment by Bonanat Descoll I De Santcliment](/media/artworks/images-thumb/64/e7/64e7531469fd5686ef82dea4779099f0.jpg)
![Saint Peter [left panel] by Nardo di Cione](/media/artworks/images-thumb/45/65/4565bd93c5ceb8d7a9e277b4bdd827fe.jpg)
