Umetnik
Rojen v Quincy, Združene države Amerike
Carl Andre: Biografija
Rod: Quincy, Massachusetts (1935)
Umrl: 24. januar 2024, New York City
Narodnost: Ameriški
Zgodba o zgodbi in izobraževanju
Carl Andre se je rodil v Quincyju v Massachusettsu 16. septembra 1935. Njegov oče je bil vrhunski projektant sladke vode za ladinske sisteme.
Obiskoval je javne šole v Quincyju, kasneje pa tudi Phillips Academy v Andoveru, Massachusetts (1951–1953).
V času šolanja na Phillips Academy je vzpostavil globoko prijateljstvo z Hollisom Framptonom, ki je s pogovori o umetnosti in predstavitvijo drugih umetnikov močno vplival na Andrejevo umetniško pot.
Andre je med letoma 1955 in 1956 služil v ameriški vojski v Severni Karolini.
Leta 1956 se je presel v New York City, kjer ga je Frampton predstavil Constantinju Brâncušiju in Franku Stelli, kar je vodilo do njihovega skupnega studia od leta 1958 do 1960.
Umetniški razvoj in minimalizem
Zgodnji vplivi: Andrejevo zgodnje delo v lesu je sprva navdihnil Brâncuși. Pogovori s Frankom Stellom o prostoru in obliki so zlomili njegovo umetniško smer.
Skulpture "rezov": Med delom v skupnem studiu s Stello je Andre razvil serijo lesenih skulptur "rezov", kot sta Radial Arm Saw Cut Sculpture (1av) in Maple Spindle Exercise (1959). Stella je slavno izjavil, da so tudi odstranjeni deli sami po sebi skulptura.
Delo v industriji: Med letoma 1960 in 1964 je Andre delal kot železniški delavec in vodja vlaka za Pennsylvania Railroad v New Jerseyju. Ta izkušnja s fizičnim delom in urejenost železniškega dela so močno vplivali na njegove kasnejše skulpture in osebni slog (pogosto je nosil roboto odetek).
Poezija in pisanje: V obdobju med letoma 1960 in 1965 se je Andre osredotočil predvsem na pisanje, kar je kulminiralo v delu 12 Dialogues (objavljeno leta 1980), samarbevalni knjigi poezije in esejev z Hollisom Framptonom.
Nastop minimalista: Leta 1965 je imel svojo prvo javno razstavo v galeriji Tibor de Nagy. Andrejevo delo se je povezalo z minimalizmom, ki ga zaznamuje poudarek na industrijskih materialih, geometričnih oblikah in prostorskih odnosih. Njegov kontroverzen Lever je bil vključen v pomembno razstavo Primary Structures v Židovskem muzeju leta 1966.
Pomembna dela in kontroverze
Izpostavljene skulpture: Andre je prepoznan po delih, kot so 144 Lead Square (1969), Twenty-Fifth Steel Cardinal (1974), Stone Field Sculpture (1977, Hartford, CT) in Lament for the Children (1976, Long Island City, NY).
Leta 1972 je britanska Tate Gallery pridobila Equivalent VIII, razpostavitev opečnic. Del je postal znan leta 1976, ko je bil uničen z modno barvino po objavi v časopisu Sunday Times, kar je sprožilo veliko javno debato o sodobni umetnosti in njeni dostopnosti.
Zastopanje: Andrejeve del so zastopale galerije Paula Cooper (New York), Konrad Fischer Galerie (Düsseldorf & Berlin), Sadie Coles HQ (London) in Yvon Lambert Gallery (Paris).
Osebno življenje in dediščina
Andre je umetnico Ano Mendieto spoznal leta 1979. Poračila sta se leta 1985, vendar se je njuno razmerje tragično končalo, ko je Mendieta umrla po padcu z balkona Andrejevega stanovanja leta eksplicitno v letu 1985.
Andre je bil obtožen zaradi ubistva druge stopnje v povezavi z Mendietino smrtjo, vendar je bil leta 1988 na sodbi oprostitev, kar je v umetniškem svetu povzročilo ogromne kontroverze.
Razvoj kritičnega razumevanja del Carl Andreja je dokumentiran v knjigi About Carl Andre: Critical Texts Since 1965, ki združuje eseje in revije vplivnih umetnostnih zgodovinarjev in kritikov, kot so Clement Greenberg, Donald Kuspit, Lucy R. Lippard, Robert C. Morgan, Barbara Rose in Roberta Smith.
Carl Andre je umrl 24. januarja 2024 v New York Cityju v age 88 let.
Muzej
Na razstavi v Milan, Italy
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