Reference list · Impressionist
Vincent van Gogh (1853–1890) is the most famous Impressionist painter in this list; notable works include Starry Night (New York, MoMA) and Sunflowers. Ranks 2 to 5: Claude Monet, Paul Cézanne, Paul Gauguin and Édouard Manet. The list records 100 painters born between 1817 (Charles-François Daubigny) and 1913 (Amrita Sher-Gil) in 22 countries.
Method. Scope: artists whose works the encyclopedia records under Impressionist. Ranking: the encyclopedia's fame ranking of artists. Artists born after 1955 without a Wikidata identifier are excluded pending verification. Wikipedia: number of the encyclopedia's 32 languages with an article on the artist.
Summary
Entries
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Born: Zundert Wikipedia: 32/32 languages
In 1886, the move to Paris changed the way he saw light and color. His approach to color and form helped clear a path for Expressionism, moving art away from the need to mirror the physical world.
Collections To see the physical traces of his brushwork, one can travel to several specific collections.
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French Born: Paris Impressionism Wikipedia: 32/32 languages
He was the most consistent and prolific practitioner of the movement's core philosophy, which sought to express a person's perceptions of nature. Throughout his career, he worked and exhibited alongside figures such as Edgar Degas and Édouard Manet, contributing to a collective shift in how light and atmosphere were perceived on canvas.
Student of Eugène Louis Boudin #21, Johan Jongkind #27
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French Born: Aix-en-Provence Post-Impressionism Wikipedia: 32/32 languages
While his father’s ambitions leaned toward the law, the young artist found his footing under the guidance of Joseph Gibert at the Free Municipal School of Drawing. Both Picasso and Matisse recognized the weight of his contribution, with the former famously referring to him as the father of us all.
Collections The physical presence of his vision remains scattered across several major institutions, allowing the viewer to trace his evolution from the dark, expressive brushwork of his youth to the structured clarity of his later years.
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French Born: Paris ['Post-Impressionist', 'Symbolist', 'Synthetism', 'Primitivism'] Wikipedia: 32/32 languages
While he had been influenced by the works of Camille Pissarro and Paul Cézanne, he found himself increasingly drawn toward the more structured and symbolic approaches of the Synthetists and Symbolist groups. By prioritizing the expression of internal meaning over the accurate depiction of the external world, he helped shift the focus of the French avant-garde toward a more subjective, symbolic language.
Collections In Paris, the Musée d'Orsay preserves a significant portion of his output, offering a glimpse into the evolution of his color and form.
Student of Camille Pissarro #11
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French Born: former 10th arrondissement of Paris Realism, Impressionism, Avant-garde Wikipedia: 31/32 languages
Instead of smoothing away the evidence of the brush, there is a visible, energetic application of pigment known as facture. He shared spaces and ideas with Claude Monet and Edgar Degas, men who were also pushing against the boundaries of what a painting could be.
Teacher of Eva Gonzalès #50
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French Born: Paris Realism Wikipedia: 32/32 languages
He prefers the term "Realist," a choice that dictates his entire approach to the canvas. Specifically, his approach to form and movement can be seen in the later works of Pablo Picasso and Henri Matisse.
Collections The traces of Degas's observation remain scattered across major institutions, preserved in the quiet halls of Paris and beyond.
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French Born: Limoges Impressionism Wikipedia: 32/32 languages
His early years were defined by a preoccupation with the way light interacts with the physical world.
Collections The distribution of his canvases across the globe reflects the widespread reach of his influence.
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French Born: former 5th arrondissement of Paris ['Neo-Impressionism', 'Post-Impressionism', 'Pointillism', 'Divisionism', 'Chromoluminarism'] Wikipedia: 30/32 languages
He developed Pointillism, a method defined by the application of small, distinct dots of pure color onto a canvas. The Fauvists adopted his emphasis on bold, non-naturalistic color, while the Cubists drew from his ability to deconstruct forms into geometric components.
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French Born: Bourges Impressionism Wikipedia: 30/32 languages
Berthe Morisot was born on 14 January 1841 in Bourges, France.
Collections To see her brushwork in person, one might start in Paris.
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French Born: Albi Post-Impressionism Wikipedia: 31/32 languages
La Goulue Arriving at the Moulin Rouge with Two Women. He occupies a central position in the Post- Impressionist movement, situated alongside figures such as Cézanne, Van Gogh, Gauguin, and Seurat.
Collections The Musée Toulouse-Lautrec, housed within the Palais de la Berbie, maintains the most significant collection, containing over 1000 works that trace his evolution from an aristocratic youth to a chronicler of the Parisian night.
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Danish-French Born: Charlotte Amalie ['Impressionism', 'Neo-Impressionism', 'Post-Impressionism'] Wikipedia: 31/32 languages
This curiosity extends into his later years when he engages with Neo-Impressionism. His works are held in: Musée d'Orsay, Paris.
Collections The weight of Pissarro's influence is felt most heavily in Paris.
Teacher of Paul Gauguin #4
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British Born: former 4th arrondissement of Paris Impressionism Wikipedia: 31/32 languages
His life was deeply rooted in the French countryside, even though he held British citizenship. Alfred Sisley’s place in art history is marked by a quiet, steady persistence.
Collections In Paris, his presence is felt strongly within the Musée d'Orsay, which holds a significant number of his canvases.
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American Born: Florence Impressionism Wikipedia: 27/32 languages
The unveiling of Madame X (Portrait of Madame Pierre Gautreau) at the 1884 Salon ignited a scandal that threatened his burgeoning career. By the time of his death on April 15, 1925, the scope of Sargent's output had reached a vast scale, encompassing roughly 900 oil paintings and over 2,000 watercolors.
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French Born: Paris Neo-Impressionism, Pointillism Wikipedia: 29/32 languages
Instead, he adopted a technique known as Pointillism, or Divisionism, where he applied tiny, distinct dots of pure color directly onto the surface. Signac’s approach to the canvas inspired artists like Henri Matisse and André Derain, who would later push the boundaries of color even further.
Collections The Musée d'Orsay holds nine of his works, offering a significant gathering of his vision.
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French Born: Fontenay-aux-Roses Post-Impressionism, Intimism, Les Nabis Wikipedia: 27/32 languages
He became a founding member of Les Nabis, a group of artists who sought to move beyond mere representation. While his early years were defined by his membership in Les Nabis alongside Edouard Vuillard and Paul Serusier, his work eventually moved beyond the group's specific boundaries.
Collections The physical presence of Bonnard’s vision remains scattered across several major institutions, allowing his specific approach to light and domesticity to be studied in various contexts.
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American Born: Allegheny Impressionism Wikipedia: 32/32 languages
Her training expands as she moves through Courance and Écouen, studying under Édouard Frère and Paul Soyer. Her impact is recognized by her induction into the National Women's Hall of Fame in 1973.
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Born: Lille Wikipedia: 28/32 languages
He also associated with Vincent van Gogh, forming part of the “School of Petit-Boulevard” alongside Anquetin and Toulouse-Lautrec. Key Relationship: A pivotal moment came in August 1886 when he met Paul Gauguin in Pont-Aven.
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French Born: Montpellier Impressionism Wikipedia: 28/32 languages
While sharing their fascination with plein air painting – working outdoors to directly capture the nuances of natural light – his compositions often exhibited a more structured quality than Monet’s or Renoir’s. The blossoming career of Jean Frédéric Bazille was brutally interrupted by the Franco-Prussian War in 1870.
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French Born: Paris Realism and Impressionism Wikipedia: 26/32 languages
Caillebotte’s approach to the canvas was defined by a refusal to adopt the loose, spontaneous brushwork favored by many of his Impressionist contemporaries. The scale of his influence is most visible in the institutional collections of France.
Collections The Musée d'Orsay holds a substantial portion of his output, including the large-scale Boating Party and the gritty, realistic The Floor Scrapers.
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Spanish Born: Valencia Luminism, Impressionism, Social Realism Wikipedia: 27/32 languages
There is a certain dexterity in how he handled the landscape, often placing people within a bright, Spanish sun that seems to dissolve the boundaries between the sea and the sky. His presence in the international art community was solidified through his membership in several prestigious institutions, including the Académie des Beaux-Arts in Paris, the National Academy of Fine Arts in Lisbon, and the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Carlos in Valencia.
Collections For those wishing to walk through the spaces that shaped his life, the Museo Sorolla in Madrid offers a rare glimpse into his private world.
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French Born: Honfleur Precursor to Impressionism Wikipedia: 26/32 languages
In 1835, the family moved to Le Havre, where his father opened a shop that sold stationery and picture frames. A significant shift in his direction occurred when he met the Dutch painter Johan Jongkind.
Collections In Paris, the Musée d’Orsay preserves several of his canvases, allowing viewers to stand before the very brushstrokes that once inspired a generation of painters.
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French Born: Bessines-sur-Gartempe Post-Impressionism Wikipedia: 27/32 languages
She began to draw prolifically, initially focusing on scenes from her everyday life —her mother, her son Maurice Utrillo (whose paternity remains uncertain, though Miguel Utrillo later acknowledged him), and intimate domestic settings. In 1894, she became the first woman painter admitted to the prestigious Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts, a significant milestone in breaking down barriers for female artists.
Teacher of Maurice Utrillo #28
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French Born: Granville Nabis, Symbolism Wikipedia: 26/32 languages
Throughout his career, Denis’s style underwent a fascinating evolution. He was also a prolific writer and art critic, articulating his aesthetic theories in numerous essays and articles.
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French Born: Cuiseaux Les Nabis, Intimism Wikipedia: 23/32 languages
In 1885, he began taking courses at the Académie Julian, and he frequently frequented the studios of William-Adolphe Bouguereau and Robert-Fleury to refine his technique. His tenure as a prominent member of the Nabis, a group of post-impressionist artists, allowed him to experiment with a visual language that prioritized subjective experience over mere imitation.
Collections The quiet, patterned interiors that defined his career are preserved in several major international collections.
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Hungarian-Indian Born: Budapest Modern Indian art, Avant-garde Wikipedia: 20/32 languages
Amrita Sher-Gil’s style is instantly recognizable for its bold use of color, simplified forms, and expressive figures. Amrita Sher-Gil's tragically short life – she died in 1941 at the age of 28 – belies the immense impact she had on Indian art.
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French Born: Paris Barbizon School, Impressionism precursor Wikipedia: 28/32 languages
He studied under Jean-Victor Bertin, Jacques Raymond Brascassat, and Paul Delaroche. His way of seeing the river and the sky left a mark on Claude Monet, who encountered his work and was moved by it.
Collections Walking through the Musée d'Orsay in Paris, one finds much of his output.
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Dutch Born: Lattrop Impressionism forerunner Wikipedia: 19/32 languages
Jongkind entered the studios of Eugène Isabey and François-Édouard Picot, immersing himself in the French art scene. His work can be found in prominent museums such as the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam and the Musée d'Orsay in Paris, testaments to his enduring artistic merit.
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French Born: 18th arrondissement of Paris Post-Impressionism, School of Paris Wikipedia: 25/32 languages
He was not interested in the bright colors of a bustling city, but rather in the quiet, pale light that settled on the stone and mortar of the buildings. 1910: place pigalle. 1913: The Lapin Agile [Le Lapin Agile]. 1917: Rue Saint-Vincent and the Lapin Agile. His presence in major international collections, such as the Hermitage Museum and the Musée d'Orsay, confirms the lasting importance of his perspective on the built environment.
Collections To experience the quiet, textured streets of Montmartre through his eyes, one can travel to several major institutions.
Student of Suzanne Valadon #22
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Swedish Born: Mora Parish Impressionism Wikipedia: 28/32 languages
While Zorn’s style is often categorized as Impressionistic, it was far from a simple imitation of French trends. The luminosity of Spanish masters like Velázquez resonated in his handling of light and shadow, while the directness and realism of Scandinavian naturalism informed his approach to subject matter.
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Swiss and French Born: Lannes Post-Impressionism, Symbolism, Les Nabis
He used brushstrokes characteristic of Neo-Impressionism, layering pigment to create depth and luminosity. This quality made him a major figure within the French avant-garde group Les Nabis, even if he remained a somewhat distinct presence among his peers.
Collections To encounter the quiet tension of Vallotton’s interiors, one might travel to the Cantonal Museum of Fine Arts in Lausanne, Switzerland, where The Red Room is kept.
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German Born: Berlin Impressionism Wikipedia: 27/32 languages
His election to the Prussian Academy of Arts in 1909 and subsequent presidency in 1920 were testaments to his growing influence within the German art world, but these positions also brought him face-to-face with the rising tide of anti-Semitism and nationalism that would ultimately threaten his life’s work. His principled stance against discrimination led to his resignation from the Prussian Academy in 1933, a courageous act that signaled his refusal to compromise his values.
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German Born: Gvardeysk Impressionism & Expressionism Wikipedia: 24/32 languages
His time spent studying the Old Masters, particularly Rubens, instilled in him a love of dynamic composition and expressive brushwork. He served as president of the Berlin Secession from 1915 until his death in 1925, championing progressive artistic ideas and fostering a vibrant creative community.
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Russian Born: Saint Petersburg Impressionism, Art Nouveau Wikipedia: 27/32 languages
While he continued to receive commissions from Russia’s aristocracy – portraits of Grand Duke Pavel Alexandrovich, S.M. He absorbed influences from the Old Masters during visits to European museums, studying Rembrandt, Velázquez, and Veronese, learning their techniques for rendering light, shadow, and texture.
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Danish Born: Stavanger Realism, Impressionism Wikipedia: 24/32 languages
His marriage to Marie deteriorated, culminating in divorce in 1905.
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Italian Born: Ferrara Impressionism, Belle Époque Wikipedia: 20/32 languages
His palette evolved significantly over his career, notably incorporating a predominance of cobalt blue after 1871 and the introduction of strontium yellow in 1894. By blending precise, descriptive details with loose, visible brushwork, he created a sense of immediacy that resonated with the changing sensibilities of the Belle Époque.
Collections In Ferrara, Italy, the Museo Giovanni Boldini resides within the Palazzo Massari.
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Canadian Born: Claremont Canadian Modernism Wikipedia: 18/32 languages
Born August 5, 1877, in Claremont, Ontario, Thomson's early life was steeped in the rhythms of rural existence. Paintings like The Jack Pine, The West Wind, Moonlight Sail, and Birch Grove, Autumn have become iconic representations of Canadian identity and the nation’s natural beauty.
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Born: Blenheim Palace Wikipedia: 32/32 languages
A chance encounter with Sir John Lavery, who encouraged him to pick up a brush during a holiday in France, ignited a lifelong pursuit that would see him create over 500 canvases. Initially influenced by Impressionism, particularly the works of Monet and Sisley, his palette was initially bright and airy, focusing on landscapes and gardens.
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Danish Born: Skagen Impressionism, Nordic art Wikipedia: 22/32 languages
In 1880, a pivotal moment arrived when she married Michael Ancher, another prominent Skagen Painter. The Anchers’ home in Skagen has been preserved as a museum, Anchers Hus, offering visitors a unique opportunity to step back in time and experience the world that inspired their art.
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French Born: Saint Petersburg Impressionism Wikipedia: 21/32 languages
As the 19th century gave way to the 20th, Béraud’s work remained a steadfast anchor for the aesthetic values of his time.
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Norwegian Born: Christiania Impressionism Wikipedia: 18/32 languages
Winter at Simoa River, Fra Beaulieu, and A Morning River Scene stand as testaments to his skill, showcasing his ability to capture not just a visual likeness of a place but also its emotional resonance.
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Canadian Born: Victoria Modernism, Post-Impressionism
She pursued formal training at the San Francisco Art Institute (1890-1892) and later at the Westminster School of Art in London (1899), immersing herself in European artistic currents. Though recognition came relatively late in life, Emily Carr is now widely celebrated as “the Mother of Modern Canadian Art.” Her paintings are treasured for their beauty, their emotional depth, and their historical significance.
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American Born: Dorchester American Impressionism Wikipedia: 15/32 languages
His path took him through the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, France, Italy, Switzerland, and Spain. By doing so, he helped establish American Impressionism as a distinct artistic movement, one that was no longer merely a derivative of French practice but a way to interpret the specific light and energy of the United States.
Collections The physical presence of Hassam’s vision remains scattered across several significant American institutions.
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French Born: Beaune Barbizon School & Orientalist art Wikipedia: 18/32 languages
The historical significance of Félix Ziem lies in his role as a transitional master. Born Félix François Georges Philibert Ziem in 1821 in the historic town of Beaune, Burgundy, his early life was marked by a tension between structure and spirit.
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Italian Born: Arco Symbolism, Divisionism Wikipedia: 19/32 languages
Key Influences: His work was significantly influenced by Anton Mauve and Jean-François Millet, introduced to him through Vittorio Grubicy de Dragon, who became his advisor and dealer.
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French Born: Paris Post-Impressionism, Nabis, Synthetism Wikipedia: 21/32 languages
This shift was driven by the principles of Synthetism, a method defined by simplified drawing and clearly-defined contours.
Collections It holds The Talisman, the work that defined his early departure from academicism.
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British Born: London Bloomsbury Group, Modernism Wikipedia: 17/32 languages
Vanessa Bell, born Vanessa Stephen in 1879 London, was a pivotal figure in the early 20th-century British art scene. Notable paintings include Studland Beach (1912), capturing the light and atmosphere of the Dorset coastline; The Tub (1918), a strikingly modern depiction of domesticity; and Interior with Two Women (1932), showcasing her mastery of color and composition.
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Russian Born: Moscow Impressionism Wikipedia: 23/32 languages
Korovin's initial academic training provided a solid foundation, but it was a brief sojourn at the Imperial Academy of Arts in St. In 1905, Korovin achieved the prestigious title of Academician of Painting, further solidifying his position within the Russian art establishment.
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French Born: Douai Neo-Impressionism Wikipedia: 21/32 languages
However, the Parisian art scene of the 1880s was abuzz with new ideas, and Cross found himself increasingly drawn to the revolutionary principles of Neo-Impressionism —a movement spearheaded by Georges Seurat and Paul Signac. Artists like Henri Matisse and André Derain were deeply inspired by Cross’s work, recognizing in it a liberation from traditional constraints and a pathway towards greater artistic freedom.
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Belgian Born: Sint-Eloois-Vijve Luminism, Impressionism Wikipedia: 15/32 languages
This transition was further solidified through his association with other prominent intellectuals and artists of the time, including sculptor Auguste Rodin, writer Émile Zola, and Belgian novelists Cyriel Buysse, Emile Verhaeren, Pol de Mont, and Maurice Maeterlinck.
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French Born: Paris Impressionism Wikipedia: 20/32 languages
She consistently received positive reviews, with critics like Louis Leroy and Émile Zola praising her intuitive approach to art and technical skill. Though she never exhibited with the Impressionists themselves – preferring the more traditional venue of the Salon – Eva Gonzalès is rightfully considered a part of their circle.
Student of Édouard Manet #5
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Swedish Born: Uppsala Cathedral Assembly Impressionism, Wildlife art Wikipedia: 17/32 languages
He found himself drawn to the loose brushwork, vibrant colors, and emphasis on capturing fleeting moments of light that characterized the work of artists like Claude Monet and Pierre-Auguste Renoir. He remains an iconic figure in Swedish art and culture, celebrated for his ability to capture the essence of the natural world with both scientific precision and poetic grace.
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American Born: Nineveh American Impressionism Wikipedia: 13/32 languages
As a co-founder of the Society of American Painters in Pastel, he demonstrated a sophisticated understanding of the medium's capacity for light and immediacy. His pedagogical reach was vast, spanning major institutions including the Art Students League, the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, and the Brooklyn Art Association.
Collections Chase’s presence in major American collections remains substantial, ensuring his technical influence is physically accessible to anyone studying the evolution of American Impressionism.
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French Born: Paris Impressionism Wikipedia: 22/32 languages
Born Jean-Baptiste Armand Guillaumin on February 16, 1841, in Paris, the man who would become known as Ferdinand Guillaumin spent his early years balancing labor with a quiet interest in drawing. Even Vincent van Gogh found much to admire in Guillaumin's approach, holding his work in high regard through numerous letters exchanged between 1888 and 1890.
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French Born: Étrépagny Cloisonnism & Rubensian Style Wikipedia: 19/32 languages
Alongside his contemporary Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, he navigated the vibrant, often chaotic art circles of Paris, shaped by the mentorship of Fernand Cormon, yet he always maintained a stylistic independence that would eventually redefine the boundaries of modern composition.
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Belgian Born: Ghent Neo-Impressionism Wikipedia: 19/32 languages
Van Rysselberghe distinguished himself within the movement by applying pointillism not only to landscapes but also to portraiture, creating strikingly vibrant and psychologically insightful likenesses of his family and friends—works such as Madame Charles Maus (1890) are prime examples. His works are now held in prominent museum collections worldwide, including the Musée du Luxembourg in Paris and the Museum voor Schone Kunsten in Ghent, ensuring that his contribution to the history of art continues to be celebrated and appreciated by generations to come.
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American Born: Salem American Impressionism Wikipedia: 14/32 languages
The influence of seventeenth-century masters Johannes Vermeer and Diego Velázquez remains visible in his approach to light and composition. He does not merely replicate European trends; instead, he adapts the techniques of French Impressionism to forge a distinct, fresh American feeling.
Collections Benson's canvases reside in various museums and private collections, scattered across the landscape of American art.
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British Born: Munich Post-Impressionism Wikipedia: 19/32 languages
His influence can be seen in the work of numerous painters who followed, particularly those associated with the London Group and other avant-garde movements.
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Finnish Born: Noormarkku Realism and Impressionism Wikipedia: 15/32 languages
Eschewing the grand, often detached narratives of mythology or historical epic, she turned her gaze toward the intimate corners of Finnish society. Elin Kleopatra Danielson- Gambogi stands as a luminous figure in the annals of Finnish art history, representing a transformative era when the quiet observations of Naturalism began to merge with the vibrant energy of Impressionism.
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Irish Born: Belfast Impressionism Wikipedia: 10/32 languages
The Artist's Studio: Lady Lavery with her Daughter Alice and Step-Daughter Eileen. His influence can still be traced through the collections that hold his work, from the National Portrait Gallery in London to the galleries in Glasgow and Edinburgh.
Collections In London, the National Portrait Gallery holds several of his studies and portraits, capturing the faces of the people who moved through his social circles.
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British Born: London Post-Impressionism Wikipedia: 19/32 languages
Though initially directed towards the sciences at Cambridge University – where he engaged with freethinking societies like the Conversazione Society – Fry's true calling lay in the realm of visual expression.
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Canadian Born: Claremont Impressionism
Spiritual Connection to Nature: Through his work, he transformed the rugged terrain of Algonquin Park into a symbol of the Canadian spirit, blending scientific observation with deep emotional resonance.
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British Realistic Landscape Painting
John Arthur Fraser began his days in London, England, born on January 9th, 1838. His father, a tailor from Portsoy, Scotland, carried the political weight of the Chartist movement into their home, while his maternal grandparents had settled in Stanstead, Lower Canada, years earlier. His paintings of the Rockies, such as Fishing Camp, the Rockies, captured the heavy presence of mountains like Mt.
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Hungarian Born: Sabinov Post-Impressionism, Expressionism Wikipedia: 19/32 languages
Initially rebuffed by traditional art schools, he persevered, traveling extensively throughout Europe—Rome, Paris, Munich—studying the masters and honing his skills. His paintings are held in prestigious collections such as the Hungarian National Gallery in Budapest and the Csontváry Museum in Pécs, ensuring that his legacy will endure for generations to come.
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French Born: Landunvez Impressionism Wikipedia: 19/32 languages
Married Félix Bracquemond, a printmaker who introduced her to Japanese art (Japonisme) and encouraged her exploration of new techniques. Continued painting until her death in 1916, despite declining health.
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French Born: Paris Neo-Impressionism, Pointillism Wikipedia: 16/32 languages
The Seine River, winding its way through Paris and its surrounding countryside, became a recurring motif in his work—a symbol of both natural beauty and human activity. Maximilien Luce’s contributions to the art world extend beyond his individual paintings.
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Polish Born: Kraków Impressionism Wikipedia: 21/32 languages
The Influence of Pastel and Oil: Her ability to manipulate different mediums allowed her to achieve both the soft, powdery textures of light and the rich, heavy shadows of deep emotion. Her studio in Paris and later her return to Kraków served as more than just workspaces; they were intellectual crucibles where the boundaries of modern portraiture were pushed and redefined.
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Dutch Born: Amsterdam Amsterdam Impressionism
There, he encountered the work of James Abbott McNeill Whistler, an encounter that would profoundly alter his aesthetic sensibilities.
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French Born: Étampes Belle Époque, Impressionism Wikipedia: 18/32 languages
Louise Abbéma’s career reflects the evolving role of women in 19th-century art.
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American Born: St. Louis American Impressionism
After his time in France, Miller’s travels took him through Pasadena, California, where he influenced the emerging impressionist movement there, before he eventually settled in the art colony of Provincetown, Massachusetts.
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French Neo-Impressionism
The burgeoning Impressionist movement also left its mark, though Lauge never fully embraced the radical techniques of Monet or Renoir.
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Australian Born: Darlinghurst Impressionism Wikipedia: 16/32 languages
The course of Russell’s life took a tragic turn with the death of his wife, Marianna, in 1907.
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English Born: York Impressionism Wikipedia: 15/32 languages
After his initial training in London, Tuke moved toward the continent, traveling to Italy between 1880 and 1881.
Collections To find his paintings, one often looks to the major institutions in London.
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French Born: 16th arrondissement of Paris Impressionism Wikipedia: 13/32 languages
Eton Bridge, Windsor and the Horse Guards, 1923. These gatherings bring together a constellation of celebrities, including figures like Hector Berlioz and Camille Corot.
Collections His presence in the art world persists through the physical remains of his canvases, held in various public institutions across Europe.
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Dutch Born: Groningen Marine Painting Wikipedia: 14/32 languages
As the chairman of the prestigious Pulchri Studio in The Hague, he helped steer the direction of contemporary Dutch painting. In 1880, commissioned by a Belgian company, he embarked on the Herculean task of creating Panorama Mesdag.
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American Born: Pittsburgh Realism, Symbolism Wikipedia: 12/32 languages
Paintings such as Christ Walking on the Water, The Resurrection of Lazarus, and The Good Shepherd are not merely depictions of scripture; they are profound meditations on spirituality, rendered with masterful control of light, composition, and emotional nuance. In 1923, he was honored as a chevalier of the Legion of Honor by the French government, and in 1927, he achieved full membership in the National Academy of Design —further testaments to his artistic stature.
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American Born: Lowell American Impressionism Wikipedia: 15/32 languages
Metcalf’s formal artistic education began at the School of the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston, where he honed his foundational skills until 1878.
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Stevens was an early enthusiast of Japonisme, incorporating Japanese objects and aesthetics into his compositions, as seen in “La Dame en Rose” (1866).
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American Born: Philadelphia Impressionism, Portraiture Wikipedia: 14/32 languages
It was during this period that Beaux began to establish herself as a skilled portraitist, winning several Mary Smith Prizes at the Pennsylvania Academy exhibitions between 1885 and 1892 – accolades that signaled her rising talent and recognition within the artistic community.
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German Born: Wolkenburg Impressionism Wikipedia: 15/32 languages
His style lay between Realism and Impressionism, marking him as one of the first artists to champion plein-air painting in Germany—a bold departure from the studio tradition dominant at the time. Fritz von Uhde (born Friedrich Hermann Carl Uhde; 22 May 1848 – 25 February 1911) was a German painter of genre and religious subjects.
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American Born: Newburgh American Impressionism Wikipedia: 14/32 languages
His later works became increasingly influenced by the theology of Emanuel Swedenborg, which introduced a deeper layer of spiritualism into his mature compositions. Throughout a prolific career spanning more than forty years and encompassing over 1,000 paintings, Inness’s oeuvre remains a cornerstone of American art history.
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Dutch Born: Rotterdam Early 20th Century Realism Wikipedia: 14/32 languages
His early years were marked by a raw, burgeoning talent that led him to the Hague Academy of Fine Arts in 1876. The historical significance of George Hendrik Breitner lies in his ability to bridge the gap between the traditional realism of the Hague School and the burgeoning modernism of the 20th century.
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American Born: Boston American Impressionism Wikipedia: 16/32 languages
Key Influences: Claude Monet, Camille Pissarro, Japanese art aesthetics. Museum Holdings: Paintings are featured in prominent collections including the Toledo Museum of Art and Wadsworth Atheneum Museum of Art.
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American Born: Harrison County Scientific Illustration Wikipedia: 11/32 languages
Influential figure in establishing professional archaeology in the United States.
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American Born: Cincinnati Impressionism
Returning to New York in 1895, he initially supported himself as an illustrator for prominent magazines like Scribner’s and Century, skills honed during his early lithographic work proving invaluable. His election to full membership in the National Academy in 1906 solidified his standing as a leading figure in American art.
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French Born: Gorizia Impressionism Wikipedia: 9/32 languages
His work stands as a testament to the transformation of Paris during the late 19th century, capturing a period of immense architectural and social change.
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Canadian Born: Greenock Impressionism & Naturalism
The Brymner family's emigration to Melbourne, Lower Canada (present-day Quebec) in 1857, and their subsequent move to Montreal in 1864, planted the seeds of his connection to the land that would become central to his artistic vision. Pieces like “Two Girls Reading” (1898) exemplify this early mastery, showcasing his ability to capture fleeting moments and imbue them with quiet emotion.
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Latvian Born: Saldus Impressionism, Art Nouveau Wikipedia: 15/32 languages
Krause's Elementary School in Saldus and later attended Kuldīga District School, but it was a burning desire for artistic expression that propelled him towards Riga at the age of fifteen. His impact extends far beyond his paintings; the Janis Rozentāls Art High School in Riga stands as a testament to his dedication to artistic education, and a memorial museum located in the building he designed in Saldus preserves his life and work for future generations.
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American Born: Irasburg Impressionism Wikipedia: 13/32 languages
His position in Giverny placed him at the center of an American artistic colony, allowing him to share his newfound knowledge and enthusiasm with fellow painters like Julian Alden Weir and John Henry Twachtman. Returning to America in 1892, Robinson sought to apply his Impressionist vision to the landscapes of his native country.
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Australian Born: Dorchester Impressionism Wikipedia: 13/32 languages
Beyond these iconic paintings, Roberts also made significant contributions as a portraitist and, in 1903, completed The Big Picture, a monumental work commissioned to commemorate the opening of the first Australian Parliament—a visual record of a nation’s birth.
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Irish Born: London Expressionism Wikipedia: 14/32 languages
Beyond painting, he was a prolific writer, producing novels—including The Careless Flower and The Amaranthers—plays performed at the Abbey Theatre, and insightful essays.
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Dutch Born: Zundert Romanesque art
His artistic journey began at the Academy of Kortrijk, where he received instruction from Philip De Witte, known for his portraits and genre scenes, and Edward Woutermaetens, who introduced him to the world of animal painting. The influence of Bassano Romano’s genre paintings, particularly his depictions of everyday life in Venice, can be discerned in De Vos's use of light and atmosphere.
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Finnish Born: Lapinlahti National Romanticism Wikipedia: 14/32 languages
Enrolling at the Académie Julian and later studying under the legendary Paul Gauguin at the Académie Vitti, Halonen was thrust into the heart of the Post- Impressionist movement. To step into a painting by Pekka Halonen is to enter a world where the silence of the Finnish forest speaks as loudly as any human voice.
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Scottish Born: Aviemore Post-Impressionism Wikipedia: 13/32 languages
Duncan James Corrowr Grant, born in 1885 amidst the rugged beauty of Rothiemurchus Forest District in Scotland, embarked on a life that would indelibly mark the landscape of British art. His legacy is preserved in museums worldwide, including the Musée des Arts Décoratifs in Paris and numerous collections within the United Kingdom.
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Polish-French Born: Kraków Post-Impressionism, Expressionism Wikipedia: 19/32 languages
Early works hinted at the structural innovations of Paul Cézanne and the bold chromaticism of André Derain, with subtle Cubist tendencies emerging – as evidenced in pieces like Portrait of Andre Salmon (1912). Following the war’s conclusion, Kisling returned to France in 1946, settling in Sanary-sur-Mer where he continued to paint until his death in 1953.
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British Impressionism
The prestige of being collected by figures such as Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother and Prince Philip solidified his standing as a premier chronicler of the British landscape. While he was largely a self-taught artist, his path was illuminated by the guidance of luminaries such as Sir Alfred Munnings and Bertram Priestman.
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British Born: Islington Outsider art, Impressionism
He quickly gained recognition, exhibiting at the Royal Academy from 1894 onwards and becoming a sought-after portraitist among London society. Institutions like the Tate Gallery, the British Museum, and English Heritage hold examples of his work, ensuring his legacy endures.
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Italian Born: Venice Impressionism Wikipedia: 14/32 languages
Works such as At the Café (Femme au bar) offer compelling glimpses into late 19th-century Parisian society, capturing not just the physical appearance of the subjects but also their mood and interactions. The influence of these early mentors is evident in his landscapes, characterized by loose brushstrokes and an emphasis on coloristic effects – a crucial step toward his later embrace of Impressionism.
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German Born: Landshut Impressionism Wikipedia: 16/32 languages
Born in Landshaw, Bavaria, in 1868, he embarked on an artistic journey that would see him evolve from dark, academic tonal sketches into vibrant canvases brimming with light and color —a stylistic shift emblematic of the broader movement reshaping European art at the turn of the century.
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French Born: Montfort-sur-Risle Impressionism/Post-Impressionism Wikipedia: 10/32 languages
His participation in the influential Les XX exhibition in Brussels in 1887 further cemented his reputation among avant-garde circles.
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French Born: Marseille Romanticism, Pre-Impressionism Wikipedia: 14/32 languages
Inspired by Antoine Watteau's elegant fêtes galantes, he often depicted courtly scenes, still lifes, portraits, and Orientalist themes, imbuing them with a dreamlike quality. Vincent van Gogh, upon discovering his paintings in Paris in 1886, was immediately captivated by their expressive power and innovative technique.
Notable works
Chronology
Statistics
| France | 33 |
|---|---|
| United States | 11 |
| United Kingdom | 10 |
| Netherlands | 6 |
| Italy | 5 |
| Germany | 4 |
| Russia | 4 |
| Canada | 3 |
| 1810s | 2 |
|---|---|
| 1820s | 5 |
| 1830s | 7 |
| 1840s | 22 |
| 1850s | 24 |
| 1860s | 26 |
| 1870s | 9 |
| 1880s | 2 |
| 1890s | 1 |
| 1910s | 2 |
Index
Vincent van Gogh1853–1890Claude MonetFrench · 1840–1926Paul CézanneFrench · 1839–1906Paul GauguinFrench · 1848–1903Édouard ManetFrench · 1832–1883Edgar DegasFrench · 1834–1917Pierre-Auguste RenoirFrench · 1841–1919Georges SeuratFrench · 1859–1891Berthe MorisotFrench · 1841–1895Henri De Toulouse-LautrecFrench · 1864–1901Camille PissarroDanish-French · 1830–1903Alfred SisleyBritish · 1839–1899John Singer SargentAmerican · 1856–1925Paul SignacFrench · 1863–1935Pierre BonnardFrench · 1867–1947Mary CassattAmerican · 1844–1926Émile Bernard1868–1941Frédéric BazilleFrench · 1841–1870Gustave CaillebotteFrench · 1848–1894Joaquín SorollaSpanish · 1863–1923Eugène Louis BoudinFrench · 1824–1898Suzanne ValadonFrench · 1865–1938Maurice DenisFrench · 1870–1943Édouard VuillardFrench · 1868–1940Amrita Sher-GilHungarian-Indian · 1913–1941Charles-François DaubignyFrench · 1817–1878Johan JongkindDutch · 1819–1891Maurice UtrilloFrench · 1883–1955Anders ZornSwedish · 1860–1920Félix VallottonSwiss and French · 1865–1925Max LiebermannGerman · 1847–1935Lovis CorinthGerman · 1858–1925Valentin SerovRussian · 1865–1911Peder Severin KrøyerDanish · 1851–1909Giovanni BoldiniItalian · 1842–1931Tom ThomsonCanadian · 1877–1917Winston Churchill1874–1965Anna AncherDanish · 1859–1935Jean BéraudFrench · 1849–1935Frits ThaulowNorwegian · 1847–1906Emily CarrCanadian · 1871–1945Childe HassamAmerican · 1859–1935Felix ZiemFrench · 1821–1911Giovanni SegantiniItalian · 1858–1899Paul SérusierFrench · 1864–1927Vanessa BellBritish · 1879–1961Konstantin KorovinRussian · 1861–1939Henri Edmond CrossFrench · 1856–1910Emile ClausBelgian · 1849–1924Eva GonzalèsFrench · 1849–1883Bruno LiljeforsSwedish · 1860–1939William Merritt ChaseAmerican · 1849–1916Armand GuillauminFrench · 1841–1927Louis AnquetinFrench · 1861–1932Theo van RysselbergheBelgian · 1862–1926Frank Weston BensonAmerican · 1862–1951Walter SickertBritish · 1860–1942Elin Danielson-GambogiFinnish · 1861–1919John LaveryIrish · 1856–1941Roger FryBritish · 1866–1934Thomas ThompsonCanadian · 1877–1917John FraserBritish · 1838–1898Tivadar Csontváry KosztkaHungarian · 1853–1919Marie BracquemondFrench · 1840–1916Maximilien LuceFrench · 1858–1941Olga BoznańskaPolish · 1865–1940Willem WitsenDutch · 1860–1923Louise AbbémaFrench · 1853–1927Richard Edward MillerAmerican · 1875–1943Achille LaugéFrench · 1861–1944John Peter RussellAustralian · 1858–1930Henry Scott TukeEnglish · 1858–1929Jacques-Émile BlancheFrench · 1861–1942Hendrik Willem MesdagDutch · 1831–1915Henry Ossawa TannerAmerican · 1859–1937Willard MetcalfAmerican · 1858–1925Alfred Émile Léopold Stevens1823–1906Cecilia BeauxAmerican · 1855–1942Fritz von UhdeGerman · 1848–1911George InnessAmerican · 1825–1894George Hendrik BreitnerDutch · 1857–1923Lilla Cabot PerryAmerican · 1848–1933William Henry HolmesAmerican · 1846–1933Edward Henry PotthastAmerican · 1857–1927Luigi LoirFrench · 1845–1916William BrymnerCanadian · 1855–1925Janis RozentālsLatvian · 1866–1916Theodore RobinsonAmerican · 1852–1896Tom RobertsAustralian · 1856–1931Jack Butler YeatsIrish · 1871–1957Joos Vincent De VosDutch · 1853–1890Pekka HalonenFinnish · 1865–1933Duncan GrantScottish · 1885–1978Moïse KislingPolish-French · 1891–1953Edward SeagoBritish · 1910–1974Charles Henry SimsBritish · 1873–1928Federico ZandomeneghiItalian · 1841–1917Max SlevogtGerman · 1868–1932Albert LebourgFrench · 1849–1928Adolphe Joseph Thomas MonticelliFrench · 1824–1886FAQ
Vincent van Gogh (#1) is first in this ranking, followed by Claude Monet (#2) and Paul Cézanne (#3).
Vincent van Gogh (#1), Claude Monet (#2), Paul Cézanne (#3), Paul Gauguin (#4) and Édouard Manet (#5).
Édouard Manet (#5) taught Eva Gonzalès (#50); Camille Pissarro (#11) taught Paul Gauguin (#4); Suzanne Valadon (#22) taught Maurice Utrillo (#28).
14 women are in this ranking: Berthe Morisot (#9), Mary Cassatt (#16), Suzanne Valadon (#22), Amrita Sher-Gil (#25), Anna Ancher (#38), Emily Carr (#41), Vanessa Bell (#46) and Eva Gonzalès (#50).
The highest-ranked painters born in France are Claude Monet (#2), Paul Cézanne (#3), Paul Gauguin (#4), Édouard Manet (#5) and Edgar Degas (#6).
France: 33 of the 100 painters in this list were born there, then United States (11) and United Kingdom (10).
The earliest-born painter in this list is Charles-François Daubigny (#26), born in 1817.
Most painters in this list were born in the 1860s (26 of 100), between 1817 and 1913 overall.
“The somber, earthy colors of his time in the Netherlands gave way to a new way of seeing the world through light and brushwork.” — from our biography of Vincent van Gogh (#1).
Paris: 10 of the painters in this list were born there.
The museums holding the most key works of this list are Musée d'Orsay (18), Metropolitan Museum of Art (6) and National Gallery of Art (4).
The encyclopedia records 38,001 works by these painters.
Articles
See also
Famous Baroque artistsNight Watch · Rembrandt
Famous Contemporary Realist artistsThe Gleaners · Jean-François Millet
Famous Romanticist artistsSaturn Devouring His Son · Francisco Goya
Famous Neoclassicist artistsThe Death of Marat · Jacques-Louis David
Famous Realist artistsThe origin of the world · Gustave Courbet
Famous Renaissance artistsMona Lisa (La Gioconda) · Leonardo da Vinci
Famous Dutch Golden Age artistsThe Girl with a Pearl Earring · Johannes Vermeer
Famous Expressionist artistsComposition VII · Wassily Kandinsky
Famous Rococo artistsThe Embarkation for Cythera · Jean-Antoine Watteau
Famous Pop Art artistsCampbell's soup cans · Andy WarholSee also
Famous Early Medieval artistsWinter Landscape · Wang Wei
Famous High Medieval artistsMadonna in Maest (Ognissanti Madonna) · Giotto
Famous Late Medieval artistsThe Annunciation and Two Saints · Simone Martini
Famous Renaissance artistsThe Creation of Adam · Michelangelo
Famous Early Modern artistsThe Calling of Saint Matthew · Caravaggio
Famous 19th Century artistsWater Lilies (or Nympheas) · Claude Monet
Famous Modern artistsGuernica · Pablo Picasso
Famous Contemporary artistsWind Sculpture III (one in a series of nine) · Yinka ShonibareFamous paintings
Famous Baroque paintingsLas Meninas · Diego Velázquez
Famous Romanticism paintingsLiberty Leading the People · Eugène Delacroix
Famous Realism paintingsNighthawks · Edward Hopper
Famous Post-Impressionism paintingsStarry Night · Vincent van Gogh
Famous Expressionism paintingsThe Scream · Edvard Munch
Famous Surrealism paintingsThe Persistence of Memory · Salvador Dalí
Famous Neoclassicism paintingsNapoleon at the St. Bernard Pass · Jacques-Louis DavidFamous Renaissance paintingsMona Lisa · Leonardo da Vinci
Famous Symbolism paintingsThe Birth of Venus · William-Adolphe Bouguereau
Famous Mannerism paintingsBurial of the Count of Orgaz · El Greco
Famous Rococo paintingsThe Swing · Jean-Honoré Fragonard
Famous Art Nouveau paintingsThe kiss · Gustav KlimtSee also
![Still Life with News Paper [Nature Morte au Journal] by Moïse Kisling](/media/artworks/images-thumb/e3/c5/e3c587dd20791f92ea0970da69fea431.jpg)
