艺术家: Leonardo Da Vinci
日期: 1510
尺寸: 29 x 20 cm
博物馆: Royal Collection (London, United Kingdom)
术: 绘图
脚的研究,检查脚踝关节的表达,以及脚球上 " sasmoid bones " 的作用,以苍白的墨水来描述细节。 这两个小骨头,嵌入了大脚趾的柔韧花纹上,提高了花纹上的效率,从而在行走或跑步上给予更大的力量. 这张单子的随机性 — — 一部分是用不同笔墨在一段时间内向上编成的 — — 强调了Leonardo解剖笔记在进行中的工作性质。 莱昂纳多对肩部和臂部运动的兴趣继续在本表的活体上,它调查了下臂和手的旋转. 上两幅画从上方显示出手臂和肩部,先是将骨头放入其自然位置上,再分出来来展示其发音. 唯一显示的肌肉是二头肌,其双出自于肩刃(scapula): 莱昂纳多发现二头鲸有两种动作,一是把手臂弯曲到肘部,一是将前臂旋转来使掌向上(向上)-这将会是重复这一观察的两个世纪前. 下图研究前臂中使手臂向下向上向上指向手掌(发作)的肌肉. 文字改编自莱昂纳多·达·芬奇: 2018年伦敦绘画生活.
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